User:Jukeboksi/Learning Albanian: Difference between revisions

    From Consumerium development wiki R&D Wiki
    (→‎Loan words for French speakers: + imazh, -i, -e == une image == an image)
    (→‎K: + konsistent, -e == consistent)
    Line 395: Line 395:
    # konsensus, -i, -e == a consensus
    # konsensus, -i, -e == a consensus
    # konsideratë, -a, -a == a consideration
    # konsideratë, -a, -a == a consideration
    # konsistent, -e == consistent
    # konspiroj == to conspire
    # konspiroj == to conspire
    # konstante, -ja - == a constant
    # konstante, -ja - == a constant

    Revision as of 13:56, 12 September 2019

    Welcome to Learning Albanian.

    Shqiponja është e madhe në Shqipëri. The eagle is big in Albania. është, 3rd pers. sing. for "to be" is a loan word from Latin

    The name of the Albanian language in Albanian language is 'shqip' and the name of the country Albania is 'Shqipëri' (indefinite (later indef.)) and 'Shqipëria. (definite (later def.))

    Q is the most far-out non-western compliance letter in the Albanian language. It is pronounced a sharp 's' like in chuck.

    Both of these could be derived from the word sq.'shqiponja' == en."the eagle" or is it the other way around that shqip is so awesome that the name of the eagle then gotta be shqiponja.

    First things to know

    Albanian flag is very red and black (kuq e zi) and sq."Shqiponja ka dy kokat!" == en."The eagle has two heads!". ka is the 3rd person singular for 'to have'. dy means two. kokat is definite plural form of kokë, head

    Nouns: first things to know

    As you may notice the Albanian nouns have their article affixed to the end of the noun and not preceding it. Later-on code like this 'Shqipëri, -a' tells you that the definite form is formed by adding the definite article '-a' to it.

    Albanian has 2 grammatical genders: masculine and feminine but worry not, sing. indef. nouns that end in a consonant are masculines and nouns ending in a vowel are feminines. Exceptions are if the noun clearly is of the other gender than the vowel/consonant rule would say.

    Verbs: first things to know:

    Albanian verbs have no infinite forms so all the dictionaries have them listed by the 1st person singular. This is handy for quickly learning to express what I do or what I would like to do.

    Adjectives: first things to know

    For those of you who know French you'll feel at home as adjectives and adverbs are placed after the noun also in Albanian.

    Nouns and adjectives are connected by an adjectival article. For nominative these are 'i' for masculine and 'e' for feminine.


    Verbs

    Albanian verbs are divided into 6 classes as follows:

    1. Class 1 - Verbs ending in 'j'
    2. Class 2 - Verbs ending in a consonant
    3. Class 3 - Verbs ending in a vowel
    4. Class 4 - Three verbs ending in 'i'
    5. Class 5 - Irregular verbs
    6. Class 6 - Verbs ending in '(h)em'

    Class 1 verbs - end in 'j'

    Albanian has quite a few verbs that end in 'j'


    Class 2 verbs - end in a consonant

    Albanian verbs - Class 2 - ending in a consonant.png


    Class 3 verbs - end in a vowel

    Albanian verbs - Class 3 - ending in a vowel.png


    Class 4 verbs - the three verbs ending in 'i'

    Albanian verbs - Class 4 - three verbs ending in 'i'.png


    Class 5 verbs - irregular verbs

    The verbs

    • "jam" == "to be" and
    • "kam" == "to have" are highly irregular, but the present indicative and imperfect indicative, present subjunctive and imperative forms of them are highly similar as you can see from the charts below.

    Irregular verb "jam" == "to be" Irregular verb "kam == "to have"


    Class 6 verbs - end in '(h)em'

    Albanian verbs - Class 6 - verbs ending in '(h)em'.png


    Building up vocabulary

    Ë is not pronounced when it is at the end of a word. When inside a word it is like the syllable "uh".

    Knowing the first things to know about nouns and adjectives now would be a good time to consider starting to play the Basic Albanian 1 on Memrise. Memrise programs your brain slightly differently than traditional methods, but hey, how harmful can it be?

    Albanian has a lot of loan words but they come from a wide variety of languages including but not limited to Latin, English, Italian, French, Slavic, Germanic, Arabic, Swedish etc.

    Jamaican shares from Albanian the word 'I ri'. In Albanian 'i ri' means both new and young for masculine nouns. Corresponding form for feminine nouns is 'e re'.

    Lists of loan words

    The forms given for nouns are

    1. Singular, indefinite
    2. Singular, definite
    3. Plural indefinite

    The forms given for adjectives are

    1. Masculine
    2. Feminine (always just add an 'e' to end)

    The forms given for verbs are

    1. First person singular present indicative
    2. First person singular simple past
    3. Past participle

    Loan words for English speakers

    On Saturday 2018-11-17 I made a copy of this list of loan words for English speakers to Wikibooks:Albanian/Loan_words_for_English_speakers and in the future when I add words I will update both this article and the one at Wikibooks. In the long term the best solution would be to put the words into a database, such as Wikidata and to generate the lists automatically from the database. This way there would not be the problem that some words that could be classified under "English" are instead in French or Italian because the pronunciation matches better those langauges.

    A

    1. absurd, -e == absurd
    2. abuzim, -i, -e == an abuse
    3. abuzoj == to abuse
    4. administrativ, -e == administrative
    5. admirim, -i == admiration
    6. adoleshent, -i, -ë == an adolescent
    7. aeroplan, -i, -ë == an airplane
    8. aeroport, -i, -e == an airport
    9. aerobik, -e == aerobic (adj.)
    10. agoni, -a == an agony
    11. akademi, -a, - == an academy
    12. aksident, -i, -e == an accident
    13. akt, -i, -e == an act
    14. aktiv, -e == active
    15. aktivitet, -i, -e == an activity
    16. aktor, -i, -ë == an actor
    17. akuzë, -a, -a == an accusation
    18. akuzoj == to accuse
    19. aleancë, -a, -a == an alliance
    20. amendament, -i, -e == an amendment
    21. ambasador, -i, -ë == an ambassador
    22. amerikan, -i, -ë == an American
    23. amfiteatër, -ri, -ro == an amphitheater
    24. amnion, -i, -e (?) == an amnion
    25. anemi, -a, -a == an anemia
    26. anormal, -e == anormal
    27. antik, -e == antique
    28. antikitet, -i == antiquity
    29. antologji == an anthology
    30. apartament, -i, -e == an apartment
    31. aplikacion, -i, -e == an application
    32. aplikoj, -ova, -uar == to apply
    33. arkeolog, -u, -ë == an archaeologist
    34. arkeologjik, -e == archaeological
    35. arkitekturor, -e == architectural
    36. aromë, -a, -a == an aroma
    37. arrestim, -i, -e == an arrest
    38. arrestoj == to arrest
    39. arrij == to arrive
    40. arrogant, -e == arrogant
    41. arterie, -a, -e == an artery
    42. artikull, -lli, -j == an article
    43. artist, -i, -ë == an artist
    44. artistik, -e == artistic
    45. aspiratë, -a, -a == an aspiration
    46. atom, -i, -e == an atom
    47. atmosferë, -a, -a == an atmosphere
    48. audiencë, -a, -a == an audience
    49. autentik, -e == authentic
    50. autor, -i, -ë == an author
    51. autoritarist, -e == authoritarian
    52. autoritet, -i, -ë == an authority

    B

    1. bakter, -e, bakterie == bacterium
    2. balet, -i, -e == a ballet
    3. banane, -ia, -e == a banana
    4. bankë, -a, -a == a bank
    5. banknotë, -a, -a == a banknote
    6. barbar, -e == barbaric
    7. berber, -i, -e == a barber
    8. barometër, -ri, -ra == a barometer
    9. basketboll, -i == basketball
    10. basketbollist, -i, -ë == a baskeball player
    11. bazë, -ë, -a == a base
    12. bilanc, -i, -e == a balance (business)
    13. biznesmen, -i, -ë == a businessman
    14. blasfemoj == to blaspheme
    15. bllokoj == to block
    16. blu == blue
    17. bojkot, -i, -e == a boycott
    18. botanik, -e == botanical
    19. brokoli == broccoli
    20. bunker, -i, -ë == a bunker
    21. burokratik, -e == bureaucratic

    C

    1. celular, -e == cellular
    2. ceremoni, -a, - == a ceremony
    3. cikël, -li, -le == a cycle
    4. ciklon, -i, -e == a cyclone
    5. citoplazmë, -ë (?), -a == a cytoplasm

    Ç

    1. çek, -ku, -qe == a check (payment instrument)

    D

    1. datë, -a, -a == a date (time)
    2. datoj == to date (time)
    3. debat, -i, -e == a debate
    4. dekade, -ë, -a == a decade
    5. deklaratë, -a, -a == a declaration, a statement
    6. deklaroj == to declare
    7. demonstrativ, -e == demonstrative
    8. denoncoj == to denounce
    9. dentar, -e == dental
    10. dentist, -i, -ë == a dentist
    11. derë, -a, dyer == a door
    12. desertor, -i ,-ë == a deserter
    13. deshirë, -a, -a == a desire
    14. deshiroj == to desire
    15. i,e detajuar == detailed
    16. dialekt, -i, -e == a dialect
    17. dietë, -a, -a == a diet
    18. dinamik, -e == dynamic
    19. diplomat, -i, -ë == a diplomat
    20. disidencë, -a, -a == dissidence
    21. disident, -i, -ë == a dissident
    22. diskutim, -i, -e == a discussion
    23. diskutoj == to discuss
    24. distancë, -a, -a == a distance
    25. dixhital == digital
    26. dizanoj == to design
    27. dokument, -i, -e == a document
    28. dokumentar, -i, -ë == a documentary
    29. domate, -ja, -e == a tomato
    30. dominoj == to dominate
    31. dozë, -a, -a == a dose

    E

    1. editorial, -i, -e == an editorial
    2. edukatë, -a == an education
    3. efikasitet, -i, -e (?) == an efficacy
    4. egoist, -i, -ë == an egoist
    5. ekonomi, -a == economics
    6. ekonomik, -e == economical
    7. ekonomist, -i, -ë == an economist
    8. ekselencë, -a, -a == an excellence
    9. ekskursion, -i, -e == an excursion
    10. ekuilibër, -bri, -bri == an equilibrium
    11. ekzekutues, -e == executive
    12. elastik, -e == elastic
    13. elegant, -e == elegant
    14. elektricitet, -i == electricity
    15. elektronik, -e == electronic
    16. element, -i, -e == an element
    17. eliminoj, -ova, -uar == to eliminate
    18. elitë, -a, -a == an elite
    19. embrion, -i, -e == an embryo
    20. emigrim, -i, -e == an emigration
    21. energji, -a, -të == an energy
    22. epidermë == an epidermis
    23. estetik, -e == aesthetic

    F

    1. i famshëm, e famshme == famous
    2. favor, -i, -e == a favour
    3. fazë, -a, -a == a phase
    4. fakt, -i, -e == a fact
    5. fanellë, -a, -a == a flannel shirt, undershirt
    6. i favorishëm, e -me == favourable
    7. federal, -e == federal
    8. fenomen, -i, -e == a phenomenon
    9. festival, -i, -e == a festival
    10. fetus, -i, -e == a fetus
    11. fibër, -ra, -ra == a fiber
    12. filëte, -a, -a == a fillet
    13. film, -i, -a == a film
    14. finalizoj == to finalize
    15. financier, -i, -ë == a financier
    16. fiskal, -e == fiscal
    17. firmë, -a, -a == a firm (business)
    18. flagrant, -e == flagrant
    19. fleksibilitet, -i, -e (?) == a flexibility
    20. fluks, -i, -e == a flux
    21. formal, -e == formal
    22. formë, -a, -a == a form, shape (paper or digital form is formular)
    23. formoj == to form
    24. fotogjenik, -e == photogenic
    25. fotografi, -a, - == a photograph
    26. fragmentoj == to fragment
    27. frutë, -a, -a == a fruit
    28. furnizim, -i, -e == furnishing, supplies
    29. furnizoj == to furnish
    30. futboll, -i == football (soccer)

    G

    1. galeri, -a, - == a gallery
    2. gest, -i, -e == a gesture
    3. gjenocid, -i, -e == a genocide
    4. global, -e == global
    5. glob, -i, -e == a globe
    6. glukozë, -a, -a == glucose
    7. gradë, -a, -a == a grade, quality
    8. gradual, -e == gradual
    9. grup, -i, -e == a group
    10. guvernator, -i, -ë == a governor

    Gj

    1. gjerman, -i, -ë == German (nationality)
    2. gjerman, -e == German (adj.)
    3. gjigant, -e == gigantic
    4. gjimnastikor, -i == gymnastic (adj.)

    H

    1. hamburger, -i, -ë == a hamburger
    2. harmonik, -e == harmonic
    3. hemoglobinë, -a, -a == a hemoglobin
    4. heretik, -u, -ë == a heretic
    5. hero, -i, -nj == a hero
    6. heroizëm, -zmi, -zma == a heroism
    7. hezitoj == to hesitate
    8. hibrid, -e == hybrid
    9. hierarkik, -e == hierarchical
    10. himn, -i, -e == a hymn
    11. hipokrit, -i, -ë == a hypocrite
    12. hipotezë, -a, -a == a hyptothesis
    13. historik, -e == historical
    14. holl, -i, -e == a hall
    15. hotel, -i, -e == a hotel

    I

    1. identifikim, -i, -e == an identification
    2. ikonografik, -e == iconographic
    3. iluzion, -i, -e == an illusion
    4. imejl == email (also postë elektronike, email or e-mail)
    5. implementim, -i, -e == an implementation
    6. imponoj == to impose
    7. inauguroj, -ova, -uar == inaugurate
    8. individual, -e == individual (adj.)
    9. industri, -a, -a == an industry
    10. infarkt, -i, -e == an infarct
    11. infeksion, -i, -e == an infection
    12. informativ, -e == informative
    13. infrastrukturë, -a, -a == an infrastructure
    14. insistoj == to insist
    15. inspiroj == to inspire
    16. integrim, -i, -e == an integration
    17. intelekt, -i, -e == an intellect
    18. intelektual, -e == intellectual
    19. instrument, -i, -e == an instrument
    20. intensivisht == intensively
    21. intergritet == integrity
    22. interes, -i, -a == an interest
    23. internet, -i == the Internet
    24. interpretim, -i, -e == an interpretation
    25. interpretoj == to interpret
    26. implikoj == to imply
    27. Itali, -a == Italy
    28. italian, -e == Italian (adj.)
    29. italian, -i, -ë == Italian (nationality
    30. itinerar, -i, -e == an itinerary

    J

    1. janar, -i == January
    2. ju == you

    K

    1. kamp, -i, -e == a a camp
    2. kancer, -i, -e == a cancer
    3. kandidat, -i, -ë == a candidate
    4. kapacitet, -i, -e == a capacity
    5. kapilar, -, -ë == a capillary
    6. kapital, -i, -e (?) == a capital
    7. kaos, -i, -e == a chaos
    8. karbohidrat, -i, -e == a carbohydrate
    9. karbon, -i, -e == carbon
    10. karrierë, -ë, -a == a career
    11. katalog, -u, -ë == a catalogue
    12. katastrofë, -a, -a == a catastrophe
    13. kategori, -a, - == a category
    14. kazino, -ja, -të == a casino
    15. kështjellë, -a, -a == a castle, fortress
    16. kilogram, -i, -ë == a kilogram
    17. kilometër, -ri, -ra == a kilometer
    18. kitarist, -i, -ë == a guitarist
    19. kivi == a kiwi (fruit)
    20. klasifikim, -i, -e == a classification
    21. klasifikoj, -ova, -uar == to classify
    22. kler, -i, -e == a clergy
    23. klinikë, -a, -a == a clinic
    24. klon, -i, -e == a clone
    25. klorofil, -i, -ë == a chlorophyll
    26. klub, -i, -e == a club
    27. koherent, -e == coherent
    28. kolateral, -i, -e == a collateral
    29. koleg, -u, -ë == a colleague
    30. koleksion, -i, -e == a collection
    31. koleksonoj == to collect
    32. koloni, -a, - == a colony
    33. koment, -i, -e == a comment
    34. komision, -i, -e == a commission
    35. komunal, -e == communal
    36. kon, -i, -e == a cone
    37. koncept, -i, -e == a concept
    38. koncesion, -i, -e == a concession
    39. konflikt, -i, -e == a conflict
    40. konkret, -e == concrete (adj.)
    41. koordinim, -i, -e == a coordination
    42. koordinoj, -ova, -uar == to coordinate
    43. konsensual, -e == consensual
    44. konsensus, -i, -e == a consensus
    45. konsideratë, -a, -a == a consideration
    46. konsistent, -e == consistent
    47. konspiroj == to conspire
    48. konstante, -ja - == a constant
    49. kopjoj == to copy
    50. kolesterol, -i == a cholesterol
    51. kombinim, -i, -e == a combination
    52. kompani, -a, - == a company
    53. kompetencë, -a, -a == a competence
    54. kompjuter, -i, -a == a computer
    55. komplotoj == to complot
    56. kompresë, -a, -a == a compress
    57. komunitet, -i, -e == a community
    58. konferencë, -a, -a == a conference
    59. konfirmoj == to confirm
    60. konfuzion, -i, -e == a confusion
    61. konfirmim, -i, -e == a confirmation
    62. kongres, -i, -e == a congress
    63. konsideroj == to consider
    64. konsull, -lli, -j == a consul
    65. konsumohem == to be consumed
    66. konsumoj == to consume
    67. kontaktoj == to contact
    68. kontestoj, -ova, -uar == to contest
    69. kontrolloj == to control, inspect, examine
    70. kontroll, -i, -e == a control, check
    71. kopje, -a, -e == a copy
    72. korrekt, -e == correct (adj.)
    73. korrespondoj == to correspond
    74. korrigjoj == to correct
    75. korrupsion, -i, -e == a corruption
    76. kosto, -ja, - == a cost
    77. krap, -i, krep == a carp
    78. kreativitet, -i, -e == a creativity
    79. kredi, -a, -a == a credit
    80. krijoj == to create
    81. krim, -i, -e == a crime
    82. kritikë, -a, -a == a critique
    83. kritikoj == to critisize
    84. kromozom, -i, -e == a chromosome
    85. kualifikoj == to qualify
    86. kulm, -i, -e == a culmination
    87. kult, -i, -e == a cult
    88. kultivim, -i, -e == a cultivation
    89. kultivoj == to cultivate
    90. kupë, -a, -a == a cup
    91. kurs, -i, -e == a course (studying or exchange rate)
    92. kushtoj == to cost

    L

    1. letër, -ra, -ra == a letter, a card
    2. lider == a leader
    3. lidership, -i, -e == a leadership
    4. litër, -ri, -ra == a liter
    5. luxoz, -e == luxurious

    M

    1. madhësti, -a == majesty, grandiosity
    2. mafie, -a, -a == a mafia
    3. magnet == a magnet
    4. marshoj == to march
    5. maskoj == to mask, camouflage, disguise
    6. material, -i, -e == material
    7. medalje, -, - == a medal
    8. meditoj == to meditate
    9. membranë, -a, -a == a membrane
    10. menaxher, -i, -ë == a manager
    11. marksist, -e == marxist
    12. menaxhoj == to manage
    13. menstruacion, -i, -e == a menstruation
    14. mentalitet, -i, -e == a mentality
    15. meritoj == to merit
    16. mikro == micro
    17. militant, -e == militant
    18. mineral == mineral
    19. ministër, -ri, -ra = a minister
    20. Ministri, -a, - == a ministry
    21. mision, -i, -e == a mission
    22. mister, -i, -e == a mystery
    23. model, -i, -e == a model
    24. modern, -e == modern
    25. molekulë, -a, -a == a molecule
    26. moment, -i, -e == a moment
    27. monoksid, -i, -e == monoxide
    28. monopol, -i, -e == a monopoly
    29. monopolistik, -e == monopolistic
    30. monument, -i, -e == a monument
    31. moral, -e == moral (adj.)
    32. mozaik, -i, -ë == a mosaic
    33. multikulturor, -e == multicultural
    34. i multilateralizëm, e -me == multilateralism
    35. mural, -e == mural (adj.)
    36. muskul, -i, -jt == a muscle
    37. muzikë, -a == music

    N

    1. nacionalist, -e == nationalist (adj.)
    2. nacionalizëm, -zmi, -zma == nationalism
    3. neglizhoj == to neglect
    4. nikotinë, -a, -a == a nicotine
    5. nostalgji, -a, -të == a nostalgy
    6. normalizim, -i, -e == normalization
    7. notar, -i, -ë == a notary
    8. numeroj == to number, numerate, count

    O

    1. objekt, -i, -e == objects
    2. ofertë, -a, -a == an offer
    3. ofroj == to offer
    4. oksigjen, -i, -e == oxygen
    5. oksigjenoj == to oxygenate
    6. oligarki, -, -të (?) == an oligarchy
    7. operacion, -i, -e == an operation
    8. operë, -a, -a == an opera
    9. operoj, -ova, -uar == to operate
    10. opinion, -i, -e == an opinion (also mendim)
    11. opozitë, -a, -a == an opposition
    12. oral, -e == oral
    13. organ, -i, -e == an organ
    14. organizëm, -i, -a == an organism
    15. organizoj, -ova, -uar == to organize
    16. ortodoks, -e == Orthodox
    17. ovidukt, - (?), -e == an oviduct
    18. ovulacion, -i, -e == an ovulation

    P

    1. pako, -ja, - == a pack, packet, parcel
    2. pankreas, -i, -e (?) == a pancreas
    3. paradë, -a, -a == a parade
    4. paradoks, -i, -e == a paradox
    5. paradoksal, -e == paradoxal
    6. parlament, -i, -e == a parliament
    7. park, -ku, -qe == a park
    8. parti, -a, -të == a party (political)
    9. pasagjer, -i, -e == a passenger
    10. pasion, -i, -e == a passion
    11. pasionant, -e == passionate
    12. pasiv, -e == passive
    13. patriotik, -e == patriotic
    14. pazar, -i, -e == a bazaar, a marketplace
    15. penal, -e == penal
    16. penis, -i, -e == a penis
    17. periferi, -a, -të == a periphery
    18. periudhë, -a, -a == a period
    19. person, -i, -a == a person
    20. pianiste, -ja, -e == a pianist
    21. ping-pong == ping-pong, table tennis
    22. piper, -i == pepper (table spice)
    23. piramidë, -ë, -a == a pyramid
    24. pjek == to bake
    25. placentë, -a, -a == a placenta
    26. plan, -i, -e == a plan
    27. planet, -i, -e == a planet
    28. planifikoj == to plan
    29. plazme, -a, -a == a plasma
    30. pluralizëm, -mi == a pluralism
    31. poet, -i, -ë == a poet
    32. polemikë, -a, -a == a polemic
    33. polifoni, -a, - == a polyphony
    34. populist, -e == populist
    35. popullsi, -a, popujt == a population
    36. popullor, -e == popular
    37. porcelan, -i == porcelain
    38. portret, -i, -e == a portret
    39. postë, -a, -a == mail, post office post
    40. potencial, -i, -e == a potential
    41. pozicionim, -i, -e == a positioning
    42. pragmatik, -e == pragmatic
    43. pragmatizëm, -mi, -ma == a pragmatism
    44. precedent, -i, -ë == a precendent
    45. preferoj, -ova, -uar == to prefer
    46. i,e preferuar == preferred
    47. prestigjoz -e == prestigious
    48. pretendoj == to pretend
    49. prill, -i == April
    50. prioritet, -, -e == a priority
    51. problem, -i, -e == a problem
    52. proces, -i, -e == a process
    53. prodhoj == to produce
    54. program, -i, -e == a program
    55. projekt, -i, -e == a project
    56. propozoj, -ova, -uar == to propose
    57. prostatë, -a, -e == a prostate
    58. proteine, -a, -a == a protein
    59. protestoj == to protest
    60. publik, -u == general public, audience
    61. publik, -e == public (adj.)
    62. puloverë, -a, -a == a pullover, a sweater
    63. puls, -i,- e == a pulse

    Q

    1. qendër, -a, -a == a center

    R

    1. radio, -ja, - == a radio
    2. raketë, -a, -a == a rocket
    3. raport, -i, -e == a report
    4. raportoj, -ova, -uar == to report
    5. raund, -i, -e == a round
    6. reagoj == to react
    7. realizoj == to realize, to achieve
    8. recesion, -i, -e == a recession
    9. reciprokisht == reciprocally
    10. recital, -i, -e == a recital
    11. rezervim, -i, -e == a reservation
    12. rezervoj, -ova, -uar == to reserve
    13. rezultat, -i, -e == a result
    14. reduktoj, -ova, -uar == to reduce
    15. referendum, -i, -e == a referendum
    16. referohem == to refer
    17. reformë, -a, -a == a reform
    18. relativ, -e == relative (adj.)
    19. relativisht == relatively
    20. religjioz, -e == religious
    21. replikoj == to replicate
    22. restorant, -i, -e == a restaurant
    23. reumatizëm, -mi, -ma == rheumatism
    24. rezervë, -a, -a == a reserve
    25. rezolutë, -a, -a == a resolution
    26. rival, -i, -ë == a rival
    27. i,e rregullt == regular
    28. rural, -e == rural

    S

    1. saktë == exactly
    2. i,e saktë == exact
    3. saktësi, -a, - == exactitude
    4. sandale, -ja, -e == sandals
    5. sanduiç, -i, -ë == a sandwich
    6. sanksion, -i, -e == a sanction
    7. sekret, -i, -e == a secret
    8. sekretar, -i, -ë == a secretary
    9. sekt, -i, -e == a sect
    10. sektor, -i, -ë == a sector
    11. sekuestroj, -ova, -uar == to sequestrate
    12. semestër, -ri, -ra == a semester
    13. seminar, -i, -e == a seminar
    14. sezon, -i, -e == a season
    15. sferë, -a, -a == a sphere
    16. shtet, -i, -e == a state, country
    17. simbiozë, -a, -a == a symbiosis
    18. simbolik, -e == symbolic, very cheap
    19. simpati, -a, - == a sympathy
    20. simptomë, -a, -a == a symptom
    21. sinjal, -i, -e == a signal
    22. i,e sinqertë == sincere
    23. situatë, -a, -a == a situation, condition
    24. skandal, -i, -e == a scandal
    25. skandaloz, -e == scandalous
    26. skaner, -i, -ë == a scanner
    27. skanoj == to scan
    28. skemë, -a, -a == a scheme
    29. skizm, -i, -a == a schism
    30. sklerozë, -a, -a == a sclerosis
    31. social, -e == social
    32. solemn, -e == solemn, gala
    33. specialist, -, -ë == a specialist
    34. specifikë, -a, -a == a specific feature
    35. spektakël, -li, -le == a spectacle
    36. spektator, -i, -ë == a spectator
    37. spinaq, -i == spinach
    38. spital, -i, -e == a hospital
    39. sporadik, -e == sporadic
    40. staf, -i, -e == a staff
    41. statik, -e == static
    42. status, -i, -e == a status
    43. statut, -i, -e == a statute
    44. sugjerim, -i, -e == a suggestion
    45. sukses, -i, -e == success
    46. stimulim, -i, -e == a stimulation
    47. stimuloj, -ova, -uar == to stimulate
    48. stomak, -u, -ë == a stomach
    49. stres, -i == stress
    50. strukturë, -a, -a == a structure
    51. studim, -i, -e == a study
    52. studioj == to study

    Sh

    1. shkollë, -a, -a == a school

    T

    1. taksi, -a, - == a taxi
    2. tank, -i, -e == a tank
    3. tekst, -i, -e == a text
    4. telefon, -i, -a == a telephone
    5. telefon celular == a cell phone
    6. tempull, -lli, -j == a temple
    7. tender, -i, -ë == a tender
    8. terapi == a therapy
    9. termometër, -ri, -ra == a thermometer
    10. terror, -i, -e == a terror
    11. total, -i, -e == a total
    12. total, -e == total (adj.)
    13. totalitar, -e == totalitarian
    14. torturë, -a, -a == torture
    15. trafikant, -i, -ë == a trafficker
    16. trafikim, -i, -e == a trafficking
    17. trajner, -i, -ë == a trainer
    18. trajtim, -i, -e == a treatment
    19. trajtoj == to treat
    20. transferim, -i, -e == a transfer
    21. transparent, -e == transparent
    22. transport, -i, -e == a transport
    23. trojan, -i, -ë == Trojan
    24. tub, -i, -a == a tube
    25. turist, -i, -ë == a tourist
    26. turistik, -e == touristic

    U

    1. unik, -e == unique
    2. uretër, -ra, -ra == an urethra
    3. urgjencë, -a, -a == an urgency
    4. urgjent, -e == urgent

    V

    1. vaginë, -a, -a == a vagina
    2. vaksinë, -a, -a == a vaccine
    3. valvul, -a, -a == a valve
    4. vanilje, -a == vanilla
    5. variant, -i, -e == a variant, variation
    6. varioj, -ova, -uar == to vary
    7. vëllim, -i, -e == volume
    8. venë, -, -a == a vein
    9. viktimë, -a, -a == a victim
    10. violinë, -a, -a == a violin
    11. vitaminë, -a, -a == a vitamin
    12. vizitoj == to visit
    13. volejboll, -i == volleyball
    14. votë, -a, -a == a vote
    15. votim, -i, -e == a voting

    Xh

    1. xhaketë, -a, -a == a jacket
    2. xhinse == jeans, denim

    Z

    1. zero == zero
    2. zigot, -i, -a == a zygote
    3. zonë, -a, -a == zone, area, region

    Loan words for French speakers

    These often come via Italian or are originally from Latin by which the words not so magically happen to often be the same in French. Jukeboksi (talk)

    1. abazhur, -i, -e == un abat-jour == a lampshade
    2. adhuroj == adorer == to worship
    3. aktualitet, -i, -e == une actualité == an actuality
    4. alkool, -i, -e == un alcool == alcohol
    5. ambasadë, -a, -a == une ambassade == an embassy
    6. anulim, -i, -e == une annulation == a cancellation
    7. analizë, -a, -a == une analyse == an analysis
    8. ansambël, -li, -lë == un ensamble == a (performing) group
    9. arbitrazh, -i, -e == un arbitrage == an arbitrage
    10. avion, -i, -ë == un avion == an airplane
    11. avokat, -i, -e == un avocat == a lawyer
    12. bibliotekë, -a, -a == une bibliothèque == a library
    13. biftek, -u, -ë == un bifteck == a beefsteak
    14. biletë, -a, -a == un billet == a ticket
    15. bluzë, -a, -a == une blouse == a blouse
    16. bursë, -a, -a == une bourse == this word means both, like in French, a stock exchange and a study grant for undergraduates
    17. diskotekë, -a, -a == une discothèque == a diskotheque
    18. dakord == d'accord == agreed, all right
    19. i disponueshëm, e -me == disponible
    20. divorc == un divorce == a divorce
    21. ekran, -i, -e == un écran == a screen
    22. ekspozitë, -a, -a == une exposition == an exhibition
    23. emision, -i, -e == une émission == TV/radio show, program, broadcast
    24. filial, -i, -e == une filiale == a subsidiary (company)
    25. fill, -i, fije == un fil == a thread
    26. financiar, -e == financier == financial
    27. fizikë, -a == une physique == physics
    28. Francẽ, -a, -a == La France == France
    29. francez, -i, -ë == un français == a French
    30. francez, -e == français, -e == French (adj.)
    31. galeri, -a, - == une galerie == a gallery
    32. gaz, -i, -e == un gaz == a gas
    33. gjeografik, -e == géographique == geographic
    34. gjest, -i, -e == un geste == a gesture
    35. grevë == une grève == a strike
    36. gri == gris == grey
    37. grip, -i, -e == une grippe == a flu
    38. hipotekë, -a, -a == une hypothèque == a mortgage
    39. ide, -ja, - == une idée == an idea
    40. imazh, -i, -e == une image == an image
    41. inkonjito == incognito == incognito
    42. institucion, -i, -e == une institution == an institution
    43. interesant, -e == interesant == interesting
    44. inxhinier, -i, -ë == un ingénieur == an engineer
    45. juridik, -e == juridique == legal, judicial
    46. kabinë, -a, -a == une cabine == a booth
    47. kafe, -ja, -e == un café == a coffee
    48. kanal, -i, -e == un canal == a channel
    49. kanion, -i, -e == un canyon == a canyon
    50. karakter, -i, -e == un caractère == a character, nature
    51. karakteristik, -e == caractéristique == characteristic
    52. karburant, -i , -e == un carburant == a fuel
    53. karotë, -a, -a == une carotte == a carrot
    54. kartë, -a, -a == une carte == a card (also a paper)
    55. kartë krediti == une carte de crédit == a credit card
    56. katër == quatre == four
    57. katolik, -e == catholique == catholic
    58. këmishë, -a, -ë == une chemise == a shirt
    59. kimi, -a == chimie == chemistry
    60. klient, -i, -ë == un client == a client
    61. koleg, -u, -ë == un collègue == a colleague
    62. komedi, -a, - == une comédie == a comedy
    63. komplikacion, -i, -e == une complication == a complication
    64. kontratë, -a, -a == un contrat == a contract, agreement
    65. kostum, -i, -e == un costume == a costume, a suit
    66. krem, -, -e == une crème == cream
    67. krem karamel == la crème caramel == caramel dessert
    68. krizë, -a, -a == une crise == a crisis
    69. kronikë, -a, -a == une chronique == a chronicle, news
    70. kuadër, -ri, -ro == un cadre == frame, setting
    71. kulturë, -a, -a == une culture == a culture
    72. kurs, -i, -e == un course == rate, course
    73. kuzhinë, -a, -a == une cuisine == a kitchen
    74. laborator, -i, -ë == un laboratoire == a laboratory
    75. lahutë, -a, -a == un luth == a lute
    76. latin, -e == latin -e
    77. latino-amerkan -e == Latino-américain -e
    78. legjendë, -a, -a == une légende == a legend
    79. librari, -a, - == une librarie == a bookstore
    80. linjë, -a, -a == une ligne == a line
    81. lokal, -i,- e == un local == premises, room
    82. madhësti -a == une majesté == a majesty
    83. maj, -i == maj == May
    84. mandarinë, -a, -a == une mandarine == a mandarin
    85. mars, -i == mars == March
    86. mathematikë, -a, == un mathématique == mathematics
    87. më == me == me, to me (attn. më can be a number of other things to in sentences)
    88. meny, -ja, - == un menu == a menu
    89. menyrë, -a, -a == une manière == manner, way
    90. mesazh -i, -e == un message == a message
    91. miliard, -i, -ë == un milliard == a billion
    92. milion, -i, ë == un million == a million
    93. modë, -a == une mode == fashion
    94. monogami, -a, -a == la monogamie == monogamy
    95. mur, -i, -e == un mur == a wall
    96. muze, -u - == un musée == a museum
    97. natyrë, -a == une nature == a nature
    98. nivel, -i, -e == un niveau == a level
    99. oriz, -i == riz == rice
    100. paketë, -a, -a == un paquet == a package
    101. park, -u, -qe == un parc == a park
    102. pasion, -i, -e == une passion == a passion
    103. peizazh, -i, -e == un paysage == a scenery
    104. periudhë, -a, -a == une période == a period, time
    105. person, -i, -a == une personne == a person
    106. personalitet, -i, -e == une personnalité == a personality
    107. përqindje, -a, -e == un pourcentage == a percentage
    108. pishinë, -a, -a == une piscine == a swimming pool
    109. pistë, -a, -a == une piste == lane, floor
    110. pjesë, -a, -e == une pièce == a piece
    111. plazh, -i, -e == une plage == a beach
    112. politik, -e == politique == political
    113. politikë, -a, -a == une politique == a policy
    114. portë, -a, -a == une porte == a gate
    115. pozicion, -i, -e == une position == a position
    116. presion, -i, -e == une pression == a pressure
    117. prezantim == présentation == presentation
    118. principatë, -a, -a == une principauté == a principality, princedom
    119. prokuror, -i, -ë == un procureur == a prosecutor
    120. prozë, -a, -a == une prose == a prose
    121. pulë, -a, -a == un poulet == a chicken
    122. qershi, -a, - == une cerise == a cherry
    123. qiell, -lli, -j == le ciel == the sky.
    124. recepsioniste, -ja, -e == une réceptionniste == a receptionist (fem.)
    125. renë == un renne
    126. rezultat, -i, -e == un résultat == a result
    127. rigon, -i == origan == oregano
    128. rol, -i, -e == un rôle == a role
    129. roman, -i, -e == un roman == a novel
    130. rrobë, -a, -a == une robe == clothes
    131. sallë, -a, -a == une salle == lobby, auditorium, room
    132. sandale, -ja, -e == une sandale == a sandal
    133. seri, -a, - == une série == a series
    134. shans, -i, -e == une chance == a chance
    135. shef, -i, -a == le chef == a chef, a chief, a boss
    136. shifër, -ra, -ra == un chiffre == a figure, cipher
    137. shofer, -i, -ë == un chauffeur == a driver
    138. shurup, -i, -e == un sirop == a syrup
    139. sistem, -i, -ë == un système == a system
    140. strateg, -u, -ë == un stratège == a strategist
    141. strategjik, -e == stratégique == strategic
    142. studio, -ja, - == un studio == a studio
    143. sugjeroj, -ova, -uar == suggérer == to suggest
    144. supë, -a, -a == une soupe == a soup
    145. suvenir, -i, -e == un souvenir == a souvenir
    146. tabelë, -a, -a == une table == (black)board
    147. tarracë, -a, -a == une terrasse == a terrace
    148. teatër, -ri, -ro - un théâtre - a theatre
    149. teatral, -e == théâtral == theatrical
    150. teknik, -e == technique == technical
    151. teknologji, -a, - == une technologie == a technology
    152. temperaturë, -a, -a == une température == a temperature
    153. tragjedi -a == une tragédie == a tradegy
    154. transfertë, -a, -a == un transfert == a transfer, transaction
    155. i,e trishtuar - triste - sad
    156. temë, -a, -a == un thème == a theme, topic
    157. tension, -i == une tension (artérielle) == blood pressure
    158. traditë, -a, -a == une tradition == a tradition
    159. trupë, -a, -a == une troupe == a troupe, company, band
    160. unitet, -i, -e == une unité == an unity
    161. universitet, -i, -e == une université == an university
    162. valixhe, -ja, -e == une valise == a suitcase, baggage
    163. vegjetal, -e == végétal == vegetable (adj.)
    164. verandë, -a, -a == une véranda == a terrace, veranda
    165. vitrinë, -a, -a == une vitrine == a shop window
    166. vizë, -a, -a == un visa == a visa
    167. vizitë, -a, -a == une visite == a visit
    168. vizitor, -i, -ë == un visiteur == a visitor
    169. vlerë, -a, -a == une valeur == a value

    Loan words for Italian speakers

    1. aleancë, -a, -a == un'alleanza == an alliance
    2. ambient, -i, -e == un ambiente == an ambiance
    3. antipastë, -a, -a == un antipasto == an antipasti
    4. argjend, -i == argento == silver
    5. autobus, -i, -ë == un autobus == a bus
    6. ballkon, -i, -e == un balcone == a balcony
    7. biçikletë, -a, -a == una bicicletta == a bicycle
    8. birrë, -a, -a == una birra == a beer
    9. biskotë, -a, -a == un biscotto == a biscuit
    10. bizele, -ja, -e == un pisello == a bean
    11. çokolatë, -a, -a == una cioccolata == a chocolate
    12. diafragmë, -a, -a == a diaphragm
    13. divan, -i, -e == un divano == a sofa, a couch
    14. faturë, -a, -a == una fattura == a bill
    15. fitore, -ja, -e == una vittoria == a victory
    16. forum, -i, -e == un forum == a forum
    17. i,e fortë == forte == strong
    18. i,e freskët == fresco == fresh
    19. freskues, -e == rinfrescante == refreshing
    20. garazh, -i, -e == un garage == a garage
    21. gjigand, -i, -ë == un gigante == a giant
    22. gjykatës, -i, - == un giudice == a judge
    23. gusht, -i == agosto == August
    24. higjenë, -a == igiene == hygiene
    25. institucion, -i, -e == un'istituzione == an institution
    26. kakao, -ja, - == un cacao == a cocoa
    27. kallamar, -i, -ë == un calamaro == a calamari
    28. kamarier, -i, -ë == un camriere == a waiter
    29. kamion, -i, -e == un camion == a truck
    30. kapelë, -a, -a == un cappello == a cap (hat)
    31. kapitull, -lli, -j == un capitolo == a chapter
    32. kështjellë, -a, -a == un castello == a castle
    33. klime, -a, -a == un clima == a climate
    34. krap,- i, krep == una carpa == a carp
    35. klimë, -a, -a == un clima == a climate
    36. konkurrencë, -a == concorrenza == a competition
    37. konkurrent, -i, -ë == un concorrente == a competitor
    38. konsum, -i, -e == un consumo == consumption
    39. kontribut, -i, -e == un contributo == a contribution
    40. libër, -ri, -ra == un libro == a book
    41. limon, -i, -ë == un limone == a lemon
    42. makinë, -a, -a == una macchina == a car
    43. mas == mas == to weigh
    44. mit, -i, -e == un mito == a myth
    45. mobilje, -a, -e == un mobile == furniture
    46. nip, -i, -a == un nipote == a cousin
    47. orë, -a, -ë == un'ora == an hour (or a clock)
    48. origjinë, -a, -a == un'orignine == an origin
    49. pacient, -i, -ë == un paziente == a patient (male)
    50. pagesë, -a, -a == un pagamento == a payment
    51. paguaj, -ova, -uar == pagare == to pay
    52. paqe, -ja == pace == peace
    53. papagall, -lli, -j == un pappagallo == a parrot
    54. pantallona, -t == un pantalone == pants
    55. patate, -ja, -e == una patata == a potato
    56. patatinë, -a, -a == patatine == potato chips
    57. peshk, -u, peshq == un pesce == a fish
    58. peshkatar, -i, -ë == un pescatore == a fisherman
    59. për == per == for, about
    60. peshë, -a, -a == peso == weight
    61. picë, -a, -a == una pizza == a pizza
    62. pikant, -i, -ë == piccante == spicy
    63. piktor, -i, -ë == un pittore == a painter
    64. pjatë, -a, -a == un piatto == a plate, a dish, a course (food)
    65. pompë, -, -a == una pompa == a pump
    66. pompoj == pompa == to pump
    67. pozicion, -i, -e == una posizione == a position
    68. proshutë, -a, -a == un prosciutto == a ham (also means bacon)
    69. rezistencë, -a, -a == una resistenza == a resistance
    70. salcë, -ë, -a == una salsa == a sauce
    71. salsiçise, -ja, -e == una salsiccia == a sausage
    72. sallatë, -a, -a == un'insalata == a salad
    73. siguri, -a, - == una sicurezza == a certainty
    74. sinkron, -e == synchrone == synchronous
    75. skuadër, -ra, -ra == una squadra == a team
    76. stilograf, -i, -ë == una penna stilografica == a fountain pen
    77. tendencë, -a, -a == una tendenza == a tendency, trend
    78. titull, -lli, -j == un titolo == a title
    79. tortë, -a, -a == una torta == a cake
    80. tradicional, -e == tradizionale == traditional
    81. tren, -i, -a == un treno == a train
    82. vazo, -ja, - == un vaso == a vaze
    83. vilë, -a, -a == una villa == a villa
    84. xhiro, -, - == un giro == a round, lap

    Loan words for Swedish speakers / Lån ord för svensktalande

    1. fabrikë == en fabrik == a factory
    2. konkurrencë == en konkurrens == competition (market)
    3. natë, -e, net == en natt == a night.
    4. provë, -a, -a == ett prov == a test, experiment, fitting
    5. provoj == prova == to try
    6. radhë -a, -ë == en rad == a row
    7. redaktor, -, -ë == en redaktör == an editor
    8. shkumë == en skum == a foam

    Loan words for Russian speakers

    1. banjë, -a, -a == ванная == bathroom
    2. bankomat, -i, -e == Банкомат == an ATM
    3. çaj, -i == чай == tea
    4. diabet, -i == диабет == diabetes
    5. gazetë, -a,- a == газета == a newspaper
    6. jug == юг == south
    7. kukull, -a, -a == кукла == a doll
    8. leksion, -i, -e == лекция == a lecture
    9. pallto, -ja, - == пальто == a coat
    10. reklamë, -a, -a == реклама == an ad
    11. shah, -u == шах == chess
    12. televizor, -i, -ë == телевизор == television set
    13. ti == ты == you (singular)

    Loan words for Turkish speakers

    1. bakllava, -ja, - == baklava == baklava
    2. byrek, -u, -ë == börek == a savory pie
    3. çorapë, -, -e == çorap == a sock
    4. hamam == hamam == Turkish bath
    5. kolltuk, -u, kolltuqe == koltuk == armchair, seat
    6. osman, -e == Osmanlı == ottoman
    7. para, -ja, - == para == a money
    8. sulltan, -i, -ë == sultan == a sultan
    9. sheqer, -i == şeker == sugar
    10. shishe, -ja, -e == şişe == a bottle
    11. shisqebap, -i, -e == şiş kebap == shish kebab
    12. zarf, -i, -e == zarf == an envelope

    Loan words for German speakers

    • mensë, -a, -a == die Mensa == a school cafeteria, a cantine
    • provim, -i, -e == eine Prüfung == a test, an exam

    Loan words for Latin speakers

    1. e mërkurë, -a, -a == Mercurii == Wednesday
    2. monedhë, -a, -a == monetæ == coin, coinage, small change

    Loan words for Spanish speakers

    1. telenovelë, -a, -a == una telenovela == a soap opera

    Loan words for Greek speakers

    • portokall, -lli, -j == πορτοκάλια == an orange

    False friends

    1. i,e habitur == surprised, astonished
    2. konvikt, -i, -e == a dormitory
    3. koran, -i, -ë == a trout
    4. verdhë == yellow

    Resources for learning Albanian

    Books for learning Albanian

    • Colloquial Albanian (2012) is an excellent book for anglophones by Linda Mëniku and Héctor Campos. It is concise and well organized. The learning curve gets steeper towards the end. Routledge, the publisher has kindly made audio for all text passages downloadable for free from the book's homepage. As of 2018 the vocabulary of this excellent book have not yet been made to a memrise. A previous edition in the same Colloquial series from the early 90's does have a memrise of the vocabulary.
    • Discovering Albanian 1 (2011) is also by Linda Mëniku and Héctor Campos and it consists of a textbook and workbook. As of 2018 there is no Discovering Albanian 2. The audio for the textbook can be accessed only via 2 CD's. Who has CD-players these days? Let's hope The University of Wisconsin Press wakes up and provides streaming and download at no extra charge.

    Albanian radio

    • There are various streaming apps available in the app stores.
    • Live Online Radio is a radio streaming service for the web. It has one of the largest selections of Albanian radios.
    • Radio.garden has a beautiful user interface where you tune into radios by spinning a globe to the desired location of transmission.

    Albanian TV

    • https://albanian.tv/ offers streaming of many of the popular Albanian TV channels. It often works, but occasionally the streams have trouble playing out without intermittent interruptions.
    • The RTSH Tani app is available for Android and iOS Apple phones. With the app you can access all the channels broadcast by RTSH including RTSH Film. The app does not have ads (excellent) whereas the RTSH channels do have ads. RTSH Tani app also features a VOD archive where you can watch recent programs up-to-2-days into the broadcasting history and a handy integrated EPG.

    Films with Albanian subtitles

    • These you can find on Youtube by searching for 'filma me titra shqip'. Watching movies spoken in a language you understand while reading the subtitles in the language you want to learn is an excellent way to learn and refresh in a low-effort manner.
    • There are also Albanian films. These are unfortunately not subtitled and the speech is often really rapid. French do subtitle some of their own films on TV5MONDE to aid the non-natives tackle the 5 words per second pace.

    Wiki literature

    • Wikibooks.org, Albanian version may be useful after you have gained the basics. Reading wikibooks of subjects and fields you already know may fast-forward your ability to read some text.
    • Albanian Wikipedia Same advice, select subjects this way you have a clear idea of what it is likely to say. Wikipedia writing is less predictable than a textbook.

    Online texts

    • Foreign Services Institute (FSI) (1965) .pdf book on Albanian. From this I can recommend the history introduction of this text aimed mostly for US armed forces personel though naturally the FSI's work helps also non-military government workers to gain knowledge too. Albanian language has changed so much since 1965 that this cannot really be used to learn contemporary albanian but the intro is good if you are a history and culture puff.

    Learning games

    • https://memrise.com is a spaced repetition flashcard and beyond language learning game and it has various memrises of varying quality. Memrise programs your brain slightly differently than traditional methods of vocabulary acquisition.
    • Basic Albanian 1 (~170 things to learn) and
    • Basic Albanian 2 (~210 things to learn) are of high quality, simple intros to the basic building blocks made by BaaS, an apparent memrise genius if you look at his productivity, scope and quality of his work.
    • (No typing) Albanian Menu (~110 things to learn). " For people intending to travel to Albania this memrise obviously highly recommendable as we all gotta eat. "No typing"-courses are fun because they are faster to play so you also get points faster.
    • Discovering Albanian 1 (~1800 things to learn) a professional quality memrise based on the vocabulary lists of the book of the same name. This memrise contains audio in high quality, consistency and precision for practically all words and phrases to be learned. This memrise has over 1800 things to learn so it is the biggest available. The makers of this memrise have used sensible notation: For nouns indefinite and definite singular and indefinite plural are given etc. etc.
    • Albanian Verbs (~480 things to learn). Teaches you the 1st person singular form of verbs (Albanian has no infinitives) with the exception of "to be" and "to have" where all present tense forms are taught in the last level.