User:Jukeboksi/Learning Albanian: Difference between revisions

    From Consumerium development wiki R&D Wiki
    (→‎Loan words for Italian speakers: + ambient, -i, -e == un ambiente == an ambiance)
    (→‎K: + kon, -i, -e == a cone)
    Line 377: Line 377:
    # komision, -i, -e == a commission
    # komision, -i, -e == a commission
    # komunal, -e == communal
    # komunal, -e == communal
    # kon, -i, -e == a cone
    # koncept, -i, -e == a concept
    # koncept, -i, -e == a concept
    # koncesion, -i, -e == a concession
    # koncesion, -i, -e == a concession

    Revision as of 13:24, 17 February 2019

    Welcome to Learning Albanian.

    Shqiponja është e madhe në Shqipëri. The eagle is big in Albania. është, 3rd pers. sing. for "to be" is a loan word from Latin

    The name of the Albanian language in Albanian language is 'shqip' and the name of the country Albania is 'Shqipëri' (indefinite (later indef.)) and 'Shqipëria. (definite (later def.))

    Q is the most far-out non-western compliance letter in the Albanian language. It is pronounced a sharp 's' like in chuck.

    Both of these could be derived from the word sq.'shqiponja' == en."the eagle" or is it the other way around that shqip is so awesome that the name of the eagle then gotta be shqiponja.

    First things to know

    Albanian flag is very red and black (kuq e zi) and sq."Shqiponja ka dy kokat!" == en."The eagle has two heads!". ka is the 3rd person singular for 'to have'. dy means two. kokat is definite plural form of kokë, head

    Nouns: first things to know

    As you may notice the Albanian nouns have their article affixed to the end of the noun and not preceding it. Later-on code like this 'Shqipëri, -a' tells you that the definite form is formed by adding the definite article '-a' to it.

    Albanian has 2 grammatical genders: masculine and feminine but worry not, sing. indef. nouns that end in a consonant are masculines and nouns ending in a vowel are feminines. Exceptions are if the noun clearly is of the other gender than the vowel/consonant rule would say.

    Verbs: first things to know:

    Albanian verbs have no infinite forms so all the dictionaries have them listed by the 1st person singular. This is handy for quickly learning to express what I do or what I would like to do.

    Adjectives: first things to know

    For those of you who know French you'll feel at home as adjectives and adverbs are placed after the noun also in Albanian.

    Nouns and adjectives are connected by an adjectival article. For nominative these are 'i' for masculine and 'e' for feminine.


    Verbs

    Albanian verbs are divided into 6 classes as follows:

    1. Class 1 - Verbs ending in 'j'
    2. Class 2 - Verbs ending in a consonant
    3. Class 3 - Verbs ending in a vowel
    4. Class 4 - Three verbs ending in 'i'
    5. Class 5 - Irregular verbs
    6. Class 6 - Verbs ending in '(h)em'

    Class 1 verbs - end in 'j'

    Albanian has quite a few verbs that end in 'j'


    Class 2 verbs - end in a consonant

    Albanian verbs - Class 2 - ending in a consonant.png


    Class 3 verbs - end in a vowel

    Albanian verbs - Class 3 - ending in a vowel.png


    Class 4 verbs - the three verbs ending in 'i'

    Albanian verbs - Class 4 - three verbs ending in 'i'.png


    Class 5 verbs - irregular verbs

    The verbs

    • "jam" == "to be" and
    • "kam" == "to have" are highly irregular, but the present indicative and imperfect indicative, present subjunctive and imperative forms of them are highly similar as you can see from the charts below.

    Irregular verb "jam" == "to be" Irregular verb "kam == "to have"


    Class 6 verbs - end in '(h)em'

    Albanian verbs - Class 6 - verbs ending in '(h)em'.png


    Building up vocabulary

    Ë is not pronounced when it is at the end of a word. When inside a word it is like the syllable "uh".

    Knowing the first things to know about nouns and adjectives now would be a good time to consider starting to play the Basic Albanian 1 on Memrise. Memrise programs your brain slightly differently than traditional methods, but hey, how harmful can it be?

    Albanian has a lot of loan words but they come from a wide variety of languages including but not limited to Latin, English, Italian, French, Slavic, Germanic, Arabic, Swedish etc.

    Jamaican shares from Albanian the word 'I ri'. In Albanian 'i ri' means both new and young for masculine nouns. Corresponding form for feminine nouns is 'e re'.

    Lists of loan words

    The forms given for nouns are

    1. Singular, indefinite
    2. Singular, definite
    3. Plural indefinite

    The forms given for adjectives are

    1. Masculine
    2. Feminine (always just add an 'e' to end)

    The forms given for verbs are

    1. First person singular present indicative
    2. First person singular simple past
    3. Past participle

    Loan words for English speakers

    On Saturday 2018-11-17 I made a copy of this list of loan words for English speakers to Wikibooks:Albanian/Loan_words_for_English_speakers and in the future when I add words I will update both this article and the one at Wikibooks. In the long term the best solution would be to put the words into a database, such as Wikidata and to generate the lists automatically from the database. This way there would not be the problem that some words that could be classified under "English" are instead in French or Italian because the pronunciation matches better those langauges.

    A

    1. absurd, -e == absurd
    2. abuzim, -i, -e == an abuse
    3. abuzoj == to abuse
    4. administrativ, -e == administrative
    5. admirim, -i == admiration
    6. adoleshent, -i, -ë == an adolescent
    7. aeroplan, -i, -ë == an airplane
    8. aeroport, -i, -e == an airport
    9. aerobik, -e == aerobic (adj.)
    10. akademi, -a, - == an academy
    11. aksident, -i, -e == an accident
    12. akt, -i, -e == an act
    13. aktiv, -e == active
    14. aktivitet, -i, -e == an activity
    15. aktor, -i, -ë == an actor
    16. akuzoj == to accuse
    17. aleancë, -a, -a == an alliance
    18. amendament, -i, -e == an amendment
    19. ambasador, -i, -ë == an ambassador
    20. amerikan, -i, -ë == an American
    21. amfiteatër, -ri, -ro == an amphitheater
    22. amnion, -i, -e (?) == an amnion
    23. anemi, -a, -a == an anemia
    24. antik, -e == antique
    25. antikitet, -i == antiquity
    26. antologji == an anthology
    27. apartament, -i, -e == an apartment
    28. aplikacion, -i, -e == an application
    29. aplikoj, -ova, -uar == to apply
    30. arkeolog, -u, -ë == an archaeologist
    31. arkeologjik, -e == archaeological
    32. arkitekturor, -e == architectural
    33. aromë, -a, -a == an aroma
    34. arrestim, -i, -e == an arrest
    35. arrestoj == to arrest
    36. arrij == to arrive
    37. arrogant, -e == arrogant
    38. arterie, -a, -e == an artery
    39. artikull, -lli, -j == an article
    40. artist, -i, -ë == an artist
    41. artistik, -e == artistic
    42. aspiratë, -a, -a == an aspiration
    43. atom, -i, -e == an atom
    44. atmosferë, -a, -a == an atmosphere
    45. audiencë, -a, -a == an audience
    46. autor, -i, -ë == an author
    47. autoritarist, -e == authoritarian
    48. autoritet, -i, -ë == an authority

    B

    1. bakter, -e, bakterie == bacterium
    2. balet, -i, -e == a ballet
    3. banane, -ia, -e == a banana
    4. bankë, -a, -a == a bank
    5. banknotë, -a, -a == a banknote
    6. barbar, -e == barbaric
    7. berber, -i, -e == a barber
    8. barometër, -ri, -ra == a barometer
    9. basketboll, -i == basketball
    10. basketbollist, -i, -ë == a baskeball player
    11. bazë, -ë, -a == a base
    12. bilanc, -i, -e == a balance (business)
    13. biznesmen, -i, -ë == a businessman
    14. blasfemoj == to blaspheme
    15. bllokoj == to block
    16. blu == blue
    17. bojkot, -i, -e == a boycott
    18. botanik, -e == botanical
    19. brokoli == broccoli
    20. bunker, -i, -ë == a bunker
    21. burokratik, -e == bureaucratic

    C

    1. celular, -e == cellular
    2. ceremoni, -a, - == a ceremony
    3. cikël, -li, -le == a cycle
    4. ciklon, -i, -e == a cyclone
    5. citoplazmë, -ë (?), -a == a cytoplasm

    Ç

    1. çek, -ku, -qe == a check (payment instrument)

    D

    1. datë, -a, -a == a date (time)
    2. datoj == to date (time)
    3. debat, -i, -e == a debate
    4. dekade, -ë, -a == a decade
    5. deklaratë, -a, -a == a declaration, a statement
    6. deklaroj == to declare
    7. demonstrativ, -e == demonstrative
    8. dentar, -e == dental
    9. dentist, -i, -ë == a dentist
    10. derë, -a, dyer == a door
    11. desertor, -i ,-ë == a deserter
    12. deshirë, -a, -a == a desire
    13. deshiroj == to desire
    14. i,e detajuar == detailed
    15. dialekt, -i, -e == a dialect
    16. dietë, -a, -a == a diet
    17. dinamik, -e == dynamic
    18. diplomat, -i, -ë == a diplomat
    19. disidencë, -a, -a == dissidence
    20. disident, -i, -ë == a dissident
    21. diskutim, -i, -e == a discussion
    22. diskutoj == to discuss
    23. distancë, -a, -a == a distance
    24. dixhital == digital
    25. dizanoj == to design
    26. dokument, -i, -e == a document
    27. dokumentar, -i, -ë == a documentary
    28. domate, -ja, -e == a tomato
    29. dominoj == to dominate
    30. dozë, -a, -a == a dose

    E

    1. editorial, -i, -e == an editorial
    2. edukatë, -a == an education
    3. efikasitet, -i, -e (?) == an efficacy
    4. egoist, -i, -ë == an egoist
    5. ekonomi, -a == economics
    6. ekonomik, -e == economical
    7. ekonomist, -i, -ë == an economist
    8. ekselencë, -a, -a == an excellence
    9. ekskursion, -i, -e == an excursion
    10. ekuilibër, -bri, -bri == an equilibrium
    11. ekzekutues, -e == executive
    12. elastik, -e == elastic
    13. elegant, -e == elegant
    14. elektricitet, -i == electricity
    15. elektronik, -e == electronic
    16. element, -i, -e == an element
    17. eliminoj, -ova, -uar == to eliminate
    18. elitë, -a, -a == an elite
    19. embrion, -i, -e == an embryo
    20. emigrim, -i, -e == an emigration
    21. energji, -a, -të == an energy
    22. epidermë == an epidermis
    23. estetik, -e == aesthetic

    F

    1. i famshëm, e famshme == famous
    2. favor, -i, -e == a favour
    3. fazë, -a, -a == a phase
    4. fakt, -i, -e == a fact
    5. fanellë, -a, -a == a flannel shirt, undershirt
    6. i favorishëm, e -me == favourable
    7. federal, -e == federal
    8. fenomen, -i, -e == a phenomenon
    9. festival, -i, -e == a festival
    10. fetus, -i, -e == a fetus
    11. fibër, -ra, -ra == a fiber
    12. filëte, -a, -a == a fillet
    13. film, -i, -a == a film
    14. finalizoj == to finalize
    15. financier, -i, -ë == a financier
    16. fiskal, -e == fiscal
    17. firmë, -a, -a == a firm (business)
    18. flagrant, -e == flagrant
    19. fleksibilitet, -i, -e (?) == a flexibility
    20. fluks, -i, -e == a flux
    21. formal, -e == formal
    22. formë, -a, -a == a form, shape (paper or digital form is formular)
    23. formoj == to form
    24. fotogjenik, -e == photogenic
    25. fotografi, -a, - == a photograph
    26. fragmentoj == to fragment
    27. frutë, -a, -a == a fruit
    28. furnizim, -i, -e == furnishing, supplies
    29. furnizoj == to furnish
    30. futboll, -i == football (soccer)

    G

    1. galeri, -a, - == a gallery
    2. gest, -i, -e == a gesture
    3. global, -e == global
    4. glob, -i, -e == a globe
    5. glukozë, -a, -a == glucose
    6. gradë, -a, -a == a grade, quality
    7. gradual, -e == gradual
    8. grup, -i, -e == a group
    9. guvernator, -i, -ë == a governor

    Gj

    1. gjerman, -i, -ë == German (nationality)
    2. gjerman, -e == German (adj.)
    3. gjigant, -e == gigantic
    4. gjimnastikor, -i == gymnastic (adj.)

    H

    1. hamburger, -i, -ë == a hamburger
    2. harmonik, -e == harmonic
    3. hemoglobinë, -a, -a == a hemoglobin
    4. heretik, -u, -ë == a heretic
    5. hero, -i, -nj == a hero
    6. hezitoj == to hesitate
    7. hibrid, -e == hybrid
    8. hierarkik, -e == hierarchical
    9. himn, -i, -e == a hymn
    10. hipokrit, -i, -ë == a hypocrite
    11. hipotezë, -a, -a == a hyptothesis
    12. historik, -e == historical
    13. holl, -i, -e == a hall
    14. hotel, -i, -e == a hotel

    I

    1. identifikim, -i, -e == an identification
    2. ikonografik, -e == iconographic
    3. iluzion, -i, -e == an illusion
    4. imejl == email (also postë elektronike, email or e-mail)
    5. implementim, -i, -e == an implementation
    6. imponoj == to impose
    7. inauguroj, -ova, -uar == inaugurate
    8. individual, -e == individual (adj.)
    9. industri, -a, -a == an industry
    10. infarkt, -i, -e == an infarct
    11. infeksion, -i, -e == an infection
    12. informativ, -e == informative
    13. infrastrukturë, -a, -a == an infrastructure
    14. insistoj == to insist
    15. inspiroj == to inspire
    16. integrim, -i, -e == an integration
    17. intelekt, -i, -e == an intellect
    18. intelektual, -e == intellectual
    19. instrument, -i, -e == an instrument
    20. intensivisht == intensively
    21. intergritet == integrity
    22. interes, -i, -a == an interest
    23. internet, -i == the Internet
    24. interpretim, -i, -e == an interpretation
    25. interpretoj == to interpret
    26. Itali, -a == Italy
    27. italian, -e == Italian (adj.)
    28. italian, -i, -ë == Italian (nationality
    29. itinerar, -i, -e == an itinerary

    J

    1. janar, -i == January
    2. ju == you

    K

    1. kamp, -i, -e == a a camp
    2. kancer, -i, -e == a cancer
    3. kandidat, -i, -ë == a candidate
    4. kapacitet, -i, -e == a capacity
    5. kapilar, -, -ë == a capillary
    6. kapital, -i, -e (?) == a capital
    7. kaos, -i, -e == a chaos
    8. karbohidrat, -i, -e == a carbohydrate
    9. karbon, -i, -e == carbon
    10. karrierë, -ë, -a == a career
    11. katalog, -u, -ë == a catalogue
    12. katastrofë, -a, -a == a catastrophe
    13. kategori, -a, - == a category
    14. kazino, -ja, -të == a casino
    15. kështjellë, -a, -a == a castle, fortress
    16. kilogram, -i, -ë == a kilogram
    17. kilometër, -ri, -ra == a kilometer
    18. kitarist, -i, -ë == a guitarist
    19. kivi == a kiwi (fruit)
    20. klasifikim, -i, -e == a classification
    21. klasifikoj, -ova, -uar == to classify
    22. kler, -i, -e == a clergy
    23. klinikë, -a, -a == a clinic
    24. klon, -i, -e == a clone
    25. klorofil, -i, -ë == a chlorophyll
    26. klub, -i, -e == a club
    27. koherent, -e == coherent
    28. kolateral, -i, -e == a collateral
    29. koleg, -u, -ë == a colleague
    30. koleksion, -i, -e == a collection
    31. koleksonoj == to collect
    32. koloni, -a, - == a colony
    33. koment, -i, -e == a comment
    34. komision, -i, -e == a commission
    35. komunal, -e == communal
    36. kon, -i, -e == a cone
    37. koncept, -i, -e == a concept
    38. koncesion, -i, -e == a concession
    39. konflikt, -i, -e == a conflict
    40. konkret, -e == concrete (adj.)
    41. koordinim, -i, -e == a coordination
    42. koordinoj, -ova, -uar == to coordinate
    43. konsensual, -e == consensual
    44. konsensus, -i, -e == a consensus
    45. konsideratë, -a, -a == a consideration
    46. konspiroj == to conspire
    47. konstante, -ja - == a constant
    48. kopjoj == to copy
    49. kolesterol, -i == a cholesterol
    50. kombinim, -i, -e == a combination
    51. kompani, -a, - == a company
    52. kompetencë, -a, -a == a competence
    53. kompjuter, -i, -a == a computer
    54. kompresë, -a, -a == a compress
    55. komunitet, -i, -e == a community
    56. konferencë, -a, -a == a conference
    57. konfirmoj == to confirm
    58. konfuzion, -i, -e == a confusion
    59. konfirmim, -i, -e == a confirmation
    60. kongres, -i, -e == a congress
    61. konsideroj == to consider
    62. konsull, -lli, -j == a consul
    63. konsumohem == to be consumed
    64. konsumoj == to consume
    65. kontaktoj == to contact
    66. kontestoj, -ova, -uar == to contest
    67. kontrolloj == to control, inspect, examine
    68. kontroll, -i, -e == a control, check
    69. kopje, -a, -e == a copy
    70. korrekt, -e == correct (adj.)
    71. korrespondoj == to correspond
    72. korrigjoj == to correct
    73. korrupsion, -i, -e == a corruption
    74. kosto, -ja, - == a cost
    75. krap, -i, krep == a carp
    76. kreativitet, -i, -e == a creativity
    77. kredi, -a, -a == a credit
    78. krijoj == to create
    79. krim, -i, -e == a crime
    80. kritikë, -a, -a == a critique
    81. kritikoj == to critisize
    82. kromozom, -i, -e == a chromosome
    83. kualifikoj == to qualify
    84. kulm, -i, -e == a culmination
    85. kult, -i, -e == a cult
    86. kupë, -a, -a == a cup
    87. kurs, -i, -e == a course (studying or exchange rate)
    88. kushtoj == to cost

    L

    1. letër, -ra, -ra == a letter, a card
    2. lider == a leader
    3. lidership, -i, -e == a leadership
    4. litër, -ri, -ra == a liter

    M

    1. madhësti, -a == majesty, grandiosity
    2. mafie, -a, -a == a mafia
    3. magnet == a magnet
    4. marshoj == to march
    5. maskoj == to mask, camouflage, disguise
    6. material, -i, -e == material
    7. medalje, -, - == a medal
    8. meditoj == to meditate
    9. membranë, -a, -a == a membrane
    10. menaxher, -i, -ë == a manager
    11. marksist, -e == marxist
    12. menaxhoj == to manage
    13. menstruacion, -i, -e == a menstruation
    14. mentalitet, -i, -e == a mentality
    15. meritoj == to merit
    16. mikro == micro
    17. militant, -e == militant
    18. mineral == mineral
    19. ministër, -ri, -ra = a minister
    20. Ministri, -a, - == a ministry
    21. mision, -i, -e == a mission
    22. mister, -i, -e == a mystery
    23. model, -i, -e == a model
    24. modern, -e == modern
    25. molekulë, -a, -a == a molecule
    26. moment, -i, -e == a moment
    27. monoksid, -i, -e == monoxide
    28. monopol, -i, -e == a monopoly
    29. monopolistik, -e == monopolistic
    30. monument, -i, -e == a monument
    31. moral, -e == moral (adj.)
    32. mozaik, -i, -ë == a mosaic
    33. multikulturor, -e == multicultural
    34. i multilateralizëm, e -me == multilateralism
    35. mural, -e == mural (adj.)
    36. muskul, -i, -jt == a muscle
    37. muzikë, -a == music

    N

    1. nacionalist, -e == nationalist (adj.)
    2. nacionalizëm, -zmi, -zma == nationalism
    3. nikotinë, -a, -a == a nicotine
    4. nostalgji, -a, -të == a nostalgy
    5. normalizim, -i, -e == normalization
    6. notar, -i, -ë == a notary
    7. numeroj == to number, numerate, count

    O

    1. objekt, -i, -e == objects
    2. ofertë, -a, -a == an offer
    3. ofroj == to offer
    4. oksigjen, -i, -e == oxygen
    5. oksigjenoj == to oxygenate
    6. oligarki, -, -të (?) == an oligarchy
    7. operë, -a, -a == an opera
    8. operoj, -ova, -uar == to operate
    9. opinion, -i, -e == an opinion (also mendim)
    10. opozitë, -a, -a == an opposition
    11. oral, -e == oral
    12. organ, -i, -e == an organ
    13. organizëm, -i, -a == an organism
    14. organizoj, -ova, -uar == to organize
    15. ortodoks, -e == Orthodox
    16. ovidukt, - (?), -e == an oviduct
    17. ovulacion, -i, -e == an ovulation

    P

    1. pako, -ja, - == a pack, packet, parcel
    2. pankreas, -i, -e (?) == a pancreas
    3. parlament, -i, -e == a parliament
    4. park, -ku, -qe == a park
    5. parti, -a, -të == a party (political)
    6. pasagjer, -i, -e == a passenger
    7. pasion, -i, -e == a passion
    8. pasionant, -e == passionate
    9. pasiv, -e == passive
    10. patriotik, -e == patriotic
    11. pazar, -i, -e == a bazaar, a marketplace
    12. penal, -e == penal
    13. penis, -i, -e == a penis
    14. periferi, -a, -të == a periphery
    15. periudhë, -a, -a == a period
    16. person, -i, -a == a person
    17. pianiste, -ja, -e == a pianist
    18. ping-pong == ping-pong, table tennis
    19. piper, -i == pepper (table spice)
    20. piramidë, -ë, -a == a pyramid
    21. pjek == to bake
    22. placentë, -a, -a == a placenta
    23. plan, -i, -e == a plan
    24. planet, -i, -e == a planet
    25. planifikoj == to plan
    26. plazme, -a, -a == a plasma
    27. pluralizëm, -mi == a pluralism
    28. poet, -i, -ë == a poet
    29. polemikë, -a, -a == a polemic
    30. polifoni, -a, - == a polyphony
    31. populist, -e == populist
    32. popullsi, -a, popujt == a population
    33. popullor, -e == popular
    34. porcelan, -i == porcelain
    35. portret, -i, -e == a portret
    36. postë, -a, -a == mail, post office post
    37. potencial, -i, -e == a potential
    38. pragmatik, -e == pragmatic
    39. pragmatizëm, -mi, -ma == a pragmatism
    40. preferoj, -ova, -uar == to prefer
    41. i,e preferuar == preferred
    42. prestigjoz -e == prestigious
    43. prill, -i == April
    44. prioritet, -, -e == a priority
    45. problem, -i, -e == a problem
    46. proces, -i, -e == a process
    47. prodhoj == to produce
    48. program, -i, -e == a program
    49. projekt, -i, -e == a project
    50. propozoj, -ova, -uar == to propose
    51. prostatë, -a, -e == a prostate
    52. proteine, -a, -a == a protein
    53. protestoj == to protest
    54. publik, -u == general public, audience
    55. publik, -e == public (adj.)
    56. puloverë, -a, -a == a pullover, a sweater
    57. puls, -i,- e == a pulse

    Q

    1. qendër, -a, -a == a center

    R

    1. radio, -ja, - == a radio
    2. raketë, -a, -a == a rocket
    3. raport, -i, -e == a report
    4. raportoj, -ova, -uar == to report
    5. raund, -i, -e == a round
    6. reagoj == to react
    7. realizoj == to realize, to achieve
    8. recesion, -i, -e == a recession
    9. reciprokisht == reciprocally
    10. recital, -i, -e == a recital
    11. rezervim, -i, -e == a reservation
    12. rezervoj, -ova, -uar == to reserve
    13. rezultat, -i, -e == a result
    14. reduktoj, -ova, -uar == to reduce
    15. referendum, -i, -e == a referendum
    16. reformë, -a, -a == a reform
    17. relativ, -e == relative (adj.)
    18. relativisht == relatively
    19. religjioz, -e == religious
    20. replikoj == to replicate
    21. restorant, -i, -e == a restaurant
    22. reumatizëm, -mi, -ma == rheumatism
    23. rezervë, -a, -a == a reserve
    24. rezolutë, -a, -a == a resolution
    25. rival, -i, -ë == a rival
    26. i,e rregullt == regular

    S

    1. saktë == exactly
    2. i,e saktë == exact
    3. saktësi, -a, - == exactitude
    4. sandale, -ja, -e == sandals
    5. sanduiç, -i, -ë == a sandwich
    6. sanksion, -i, -e == a sanction
    7. sekret, -i, -e == a secret
    8. sekretar, -i, -ë == a secretary
    9. sekt, -i, -e == a sect
    10. sektor, -i, -ë == a sector
    11. sekuestroj, -ova, -uar == to sequestrate
    12. semestër, -ri, -ra == a semester
    13. seminar, -i, -e == a seminar
    14. sezon, -i, -e == a season
    15. sferë, -a, -a == a sphere
    16. shtet, -i, -e == a state, country
    17. simbiozë, -a, -a == a symbiosis
    18. simbolik, -e == symbolic, very cheap
    19. simptomë, -a, -a == a symptom
    20. sinjal, -i, -e == a signal
    21. i,e sinqertë == sincere
    22. situatë, -a, -a == a situation, condition
    23. skaner, -i, -ë == a scanner
    24. skanoj == to scan
    25. skemë, -a, -a == a scheme
    26. skizm, -i, -a == a schism
    27. sklerozë, -a, -a == a sclerosis
    28. social, -e == social
    29. solemn, -e == solemn, gala
    30. specialist, -, -ë == a specialist
    31. specifikë, -a, -a == a specific feature
    32. spektakël, -li, -le == a spectacle
    33. spektator, -i, -ë == a spectator
    34. spinaq, -i == spinach
    35. spital, -i, -e == a hospital
    36. sporadik, -e == sporadic
    37. staf, -i, -e == a staff
    38. statik, -e == static
    39. status, -i, -e == a status
    40. statut, -i, -e == a statute
    41. sugjerim, -i, -e == a suggestion
    42. sukses, -i, -e == success
    43. stimulim, -i, -e == a stimulation
    44. stimuloj, -ova, -uar == to stimulate
    45. stomak, -u, -ë == a stomach
    46. stres, -i == stress
    47. studim, -i, -e == a study
    48. studioj == to study

    Sh

    1. shkollë, -a, -a == a school

    T

    1. taksi, -a, - == a taxi
    2. tekst, -i, -e == a text
    3. telefon, -i, -a == a telephone
    4. telefon celular == a cell phone
    5. tempull, -lli, -j == a temple
    6. tender, -i, -ë == a tender
    7. terapi == a therapy
    8. termometër, -ri, -ra == a thermometer
    9. terror, -i, -e == a terror
    10. total, -i, -e == a total
    11. total, -e == total (adj.)
    12. totalitar, -e == totalitarian
    13. torturë, -a, -a == torture
    14. trafikant, -i, -ë == a trafficker
    15. trafikim, -i, -e == a trafficking
    16. trajner, -i, -ë == a trainer
    17. trajtim, -i, -e == a treatment
    18. trajtoj == to treat
    19. transferim, -i, -e == a transfer
    20. transparent, -e == transparent
    21. transport, -i, -e == a transport
    22. trojan, -i, -ë == Trojan
    23. tub, -i, -a == a tube
    24. turist, -i, -ë == a tourist
    25. turistik, -e == touristic

    U

    1. unik, -e == unique
    2. uretër, -ra, -ra == an urethra
    3. urgjencë, -a, -a == an urgency
    4. urgjent, -e == urgent

    V

    1. vaginë, -a, -a == a vagina
    2. vaksinë, -a, -a == a vaccine
    3. valvul, -a, -a == a valve
    4. vanilje, -a == vanilla
    5. variant, -i, -e == a variant, variation
    6. varioj, -ova, -uar == to vary
    7. vëllim, -i, -e == volume
    8. venë, -, -a == a vein
    9. viktimë, -a, -a == a victim
    10. violinë, -a, -a == a violin
    11. vitaminë, -a, -a == a vitamin
    12. vizitoj == to visit
    13. volejboll, -i == volleyball
    14. votë, -a, -a == a vote
    15. votim, -i, -e == a voting

    Xh

    1. xhaketë, -a, -a == a jacket
    2. xhinse == jeans, denim

    Z

    1. zero == zero
    2. zigot, -i, -a == a zygote
    3. zonë, -a, -a == zone, area, region

    Loan words for French speakers

    These often come via Italian or are originally from Latin by which the words not so magically happen to often be the same in French. Jukeboksi (talk)

    1. abazhur, -i, -e == un abat-jour == a lampshade
    2. adhuroj == adorer == to worship
    3. aktualitet, -i, -e == une actualité == an actuality
    4. alkool, -i, -e == un alcool == alcohol
    5. ambasadë, -a, -a == une ambassade == an embassy
    6. anulim, -i, -e == une annulation == a cancellation
    7. analizë, -a, -a == une analyse == an analysis
    8. ansambël, -li, -lë == un ensamble == a (performing) group
    9. arbitrazh, -i, -e == un arbitrage == an arbitrage
    10. avion, -i, -ë == un avion == an airplane
    11. avokat, -i, -e == un avocat == a lawyer
    12. bibliotekë, -a, -a == une bibliothèque == a library
    13. biftek, -u, -ë == un bifteck == a beefsteak
    14. biletë, -a, -a == un billet == a ticket
    15. bluzë, -a, -a == une blouse == a blouse
    16. bursë, -a, -a == une bourse == this word means both, like in French, a stock exchange and a study grant for undergraduates
    17. diskotekë, -a, -a == une discothèque == a diskotheque
    18. dakord == d'accord == agreed, all right
    19. i disponueshëm, e -me == disponible
    20. divorc == un divorce == a divorce
    21. ekran, -i, -e == un écran == a screen
    22. ekspozitë, -a, -a == une exposition == an exhibition
    23. emision, -i, -e == une émission == TV/radio show, program, broadcast
    24. filial, -i, -e == une filiale == a subsidiary (company)
    25. fill, -i, fije == un fil == a thread
    26. financiar, -e == financier == financial
    27. fizikë, -a == une physique == physics
    28. Francẽ, -a, -a == La France == France
    29. francez, -i, -ë == un français == a French
    30. francez, -e == français, -e == French (adj.)
    31. galeri, -a, - == une galerie == a gallery
    32. gaz, -i, -e == un gaz == a gas
    33. gjeografik, -e == géographique == geographic
    34. gjest, -i, -e == un geste == a gesture
    35. grevë == une grève == a strike
    36. gri == gris == grey
    37. grip, -i, -e == une grippe == a flu
    38. hipotekë, -a, -a == une hypothèque == a mortgage
    39. ide, -ja, - == une idée == an idea
    40. inkonjito == incognito == incognito
    41. institucion, -i, -e == une institution == an institution
    42. interesant, -e == interesant == interesting
    43. inxhinier, -i, -ë == un ingénieur == an engineer
    44. juridik, -e == juridique == legal, judicial
    45. kabinë, -a, -a == une cabine == a booth
    46. kafe, -ja, -e == un café == a coffee
    47. kanal, -i, -e == un canal == a channel
    48. kanion, -i, -e == un canyon == a canyon
    49. karakter, -i, -e == un caractère == a character, nature
    50. karakteristik, -e == caractéristique == characteristic
    51. karburant, -i , -e == un carburant == a fuel
    52. karotë, -a, -a == une carotte == a carrot
    53. kartë, -a, -a == une carte == a card (also a paper)
    54. kartë krediti == une carte de crédit == a credit card
    55. katër == quatre == four
    56. katolik, -e == catholique == catholic
    57. këmishë, -a, -ë == une chemise == a shirt
    58. kimi, -a == chimie == chemistry
    59. klient, -i, -ë == un client == a client
    60. koleg, -u, -ë == un collègue == a colleague
    61. komedi, -a, - == une comédie == a comedy
    62. komplikacion, -i, -e == une complication == a complication
    63. kontratë, -a, -a == un contrat == a contract, agreement
    64. kostum, -i, -e == un costume == a costume, a suit
    65. krem, -, -e == une crème == cream
    66. krem karamel == la crème caramel == caramel dessert
    67. krizë, -a, -a == une crise == a crisis
    68. kronikë, -a, -a == une chronique == a chronicle, news
    69. kuadër, -ri, -ro == un cadre == frame, setting
    70. kulturë, -a, -a == une culture == a culture
    71. kurs, -i, -e == un course == rate, course
    72. kuzhinë, -a, -a == une cuisine == a kitchen
    73. laborator, -i, -ë == un laboratoire == a laboratory
    74. lahutë, -a, -a == un luth == a lute
    75. latin, -e == latin -e
    76. latino-amerkan -e == Latino-américain -e
    77. legjendë, -a, -a == une légende == a legend
    78. librari, -a, - == une librarie == a bookstore
    79. linjë, -a, -a == une ligne == a line
    80. lokal, -i,- e == un local == premises, room
    81. madhësti -a == une majesté == a majesty
    82. maj, -i == maj == May
    83. mandarinë, -a, -a == une mandarine == a mandarin
    84. mars, -i == mars == March
    85. mathematikë, -a, == un mathématique == mathematics
    86. më == me == me, to me (attn. më can be a number of other things to in sentences)
    87. meny, -ja, - == un menu == a menu
    88. menyrë, -a, -a == une manière == manner, way
    89. mesazh -i, -e == un message == a message
    90. miliard, -i, -ë == un milliard == a billion
    91. milion, -i, ë == un million == a million
    92. modë, -a == une mode == fashion
    93. monogami, -a, -a == la monogamie == monogamy
    94. mur, -i, -e == un mur == a wall
    95. muze, -u - == un musée == a museum
    96. natyrë, -a == une nature == a nature
    97. nivel, -i, -e == un niveau == a level
    98. oriz, -i == riz == rice
    99. paketë, -a, -a == un paquet == a package
    100. park, -u, -qe == un parc == a park
    101. pasion, -i, -e == une passion == a passion
    102. peizazh, -i, -e == un paysage == a scenery
    103. periudhë, -a, -a == une période == a period, time
    104. person, -i, -a == une personne == a person
    105. personalitet, -i, -e == une personnalité == a personality
    106. përqindje, -a, -e == un pourcentage == a percentage
    107. pishinë, -a, -a == une piscine == a swimming pool
    108. pistë, -a, -a == une piste == lane, floor
    109. pjesë, -a, -e == une pièce == a piece
    110. plazh, -i, -e == une plage == a beach
    111. politik, -e == politique == political
    112. politikë, -a, -a == une politique == a policy
    113. portë, -a, -a == une porte == a gate
    114. pozicion, -i, -e == une position == a position
    115. presion, -i, -e == une pression == a pressure
    116. prezantim == présentation == presentation
    117. principatë, -a, -a == une principauté == a principality, princedom
    118. prokuror, -i, -ë == un procureur == a prosecutor
    119. prozë, -a, -a == une prose == a prose
    120. pulë, -a, -a == un poulet == a chicken
    121. qershi, -a, - == une cerise == a cherry
    122. qiell, -lli, -j == le ciel == the sky.
    123. recepsioniste, -ja, -e == une réceptionniste == a receptionist (fem.)
    124. rezultat, -i, -e == un résultat == a result
    125. rigon, -i == origan == oregano
    126. rol, -i, -e == un rôle == a role
    127. roman, -i, -e == un roman == a novel
    128. rrobë, -a, -a == une robe == clothes
    129. sallë, -a, -a == une salle == lobby, auditorium, room
    130. sandale, -ja, -e == une sandale == a sandal
    131. seri, -a, - == une série == a series
    132. shans, -i, -e == une chance == a chance
    133. shef, -i, -a == le chef == a chef, a chief, a boss
    134. shifër, -ra, -ra == un chiffre == a figure, cipher
    135. shofer, -i, -ë == un chauffeur == a driver
    136. shurup, -i, -e == un sirop == a syrup
    137. sistem, -i, -ë == un système == a system
    138. strateg, -u, -ë == un stratège == a strategist
    139. strategjik, -e == stratégique == strategic
    140. studio, -ja, - == un studio == a studio
    141. sugjeroj, -ova, -uar == suggérer == to suggest
    142. supë, -a, -a == une soupe == a soup
    143. suvenir, -i, -e == un souvenir == a souvenir
    144. tabelë, -a, -a == une table == (black)board
    145. tarracë, -a, -a == une terrasse == a terrace
    146. teatër, -ri, -ro - un théâtre - a theatre
    147. teatral, -e == théâtral == theatrical
    148. teknik, -e == technique == technical
    149. teknologji, -a, - == une technologie == a technology
    150. temperaturë, -a, -a == une température == a temperature
    151. tragjedi -a == une tragédie == a tradegy
    152. transfertë, -a, -a == un transfert == a transfer, transaction
    153. i,e trishtuar - triste - sad
    154. temë, -a, -a == un thème == a theme, topic
    155. tension, -i == une tension (artérielle) == blood pressure
    156. traditë, -a, -a == une tradition == a tradition
    157. trupë, -a, -a == une troupe == a troupe, company, band
    158. unitet, -i, -e == une unité == an unity
    159. universitet, -i, -e == une université == an university
    160. valixhe, -ja, -e == une valise == a suitcase, baggage
    161. vegjetal, -e == végétal == vegetable (adj.)
    162. verandë, -a, -a == une véranda == a terrace, veranda
    163. vitrinë, -a, -a == une vitrine == a shop window
    164. vizë, -a, -a == un visa == a visa
    165. vizitë, -a, -a == une visite == a visit
    166. vizitor, -i, -ë == un visiteur == a visitor
    167. vlerë, -a, -a == une valeur == a value

    Loan words for Italian speakers

    1. aleancë, -a, -a == un'alleanza == an alliance
    2. ambient, -i, -e == un ambiente == an ambiance
    3. antipastë, -a, -a == un antipasto == an antipasti
    4. argjend, -i == argento == silver
    5. autobus, -i, -ë == un autobus == a bus
    6. ballkon, -i, -e == un balcone == a balcony
    7. biçikletë, -a, -a == una bicicletta == a bicycle
    8. birrë, -a, -a == una birra == a beer
    9. biskotë, -a, -a == un biscotto == a biscuit
    10. bizele, -ja, -e == un pisello == a bean
    11. çokolatë, -a, -a == una cioccolata == a chocolate
    12. diafragmë, -a, -a == a diaphragm
    13. divan, -i, -e == un divano == a sofa, a couch
    14. faturë, -a, -a == una fattura == a bill
    15. fitore, -ja, -e == una vittoria == a victory
    16. forum, -i, -e == un forum == a forum
    17. i,e fortë == forte == strong
    18. i,e freskët == fresco == fresh
    19. freskues, -e == rinfrescante == refreshing
    20. garazh, -i, -e == un garage == a garage
    21. gjigand, -i, -ë == un gigante == a giant
    22. gjykatës, -i, - == un giudice == a judge
    23. gusht, -i == agosto == August
    24. higjenë, -a == igiene == hygiene
    25. institucion, -i, -e == un'istituzione == an institution
    26. kakao, -ja, - == un cacao == a cocoa
    27. kallamar, -i, -ë == un calamaro == a calamari
    28. kamarier, -i, -ë == un camriere == a waiter
    29. kamion, -i, -e == un camion == a truck
    30. kapelë, -a, -a == un cappello == a cap (hat)
    31. kapitull, -lli, -j == un capitolo == a chapter
    32. kështjellë, -a, -a == un castello == a castle
    33. klime, -a, -a == un clima == a climate
    34. krap,- i, krep == una carpa == a carp
    35. klimë, -a, -a == un clima == a climate
    36. konkurrencë, -a == concorrenza == a competition
    37. konkurrent, -i, -ë == un concorrente == a competitor
    38. konsum, -i, -e == un consumo == consumption
    39. kontribut, -i, -e == un contributo == a contribution
    40. libër, -ri, -ra == un libro == a book
    41. limon, -i, -ë == un limone == a lemon
    42. makinë, -a, -a == una macchina == a car
    43. mas == mas == to weigh
    44. mit, -i, -e == un mito == a myth
    45. mobilje, -a, -e == un mobile == furniture
    46. nip, -i, -a == un nipote == a cousin
    47. orë, -a, -ë == un'ora == an hour (or a clock)
    48. origjinë, -a, -a == un'orignine == an origin
    49. pacient, -i, -ë == un paziente == a patient (male)
    50. pagesë, -a, -a == un pagamento == a payment
    51. paguaj, -ova, -uar == pagare == to pay
    52. paqe, -ja == pace == peace
    53. papagall, -lli, -j == un pappagallo == a parrot
    54. pantallona, -t == un pantalone == pants
    55. patate, -ja, -e == una patata == a potato
    56. patatinë, -a, -a == patatine == potato chips
    57. peshk, -u, peshq == un pesce == a fish
    58. peshkatar, -i, -ë == un pescatore == a fisherman
    59. për == per == for, about
    60. peshë, -a, -a == peso == weight
    61. picë, -a, -a == una pizza == a pizza
    62. pikant, -i, -ë == piccante == spicy
    63. piktor, -i, -ë == un pittore == a painter
    64. pjatë, -a, -a == un piatto == a plate, a dish, a course (food)
    65. pompë, -, -a == una pompa == a pump
    66. pompoj == pompa == to pump
    67. pozicion, -i, -e == una posizione == a position
    68. proshutë, -a, -a == un prosciutto == a ham (also means bacon)
    69. rezistencë, -a, -a == una resistenza == a resistance
    70. salcë, -ë, -a == una salsa == a sauce
    71. salsiçise, -ja, -e == una salsiccia == a sausage
    72. sallatë, -a, -a == un'insalata == a salad
    73. siguri, -a, - == una sicurezza == a certainty
    74. sinkron, -e == synchrone == synchronous
    75. skuadër, -ra, -ra == una squadra == a team
    76. stilograf, -i, -ë == una penna stilografica == a fountain pen
    77. tendencë, -a, -a == una tendenza == a tendency, trend
    78. titull, -lli, -j == un titolo == a title
    79. tortë, -a, -a == una torta == a cake
    80. tradicional, -e == tradizionale == traditional
    81. tren, -i, -a == un treno == a train
    82. vazo, -ja, - == un vaso == a vaze
    83. vilë, -a, -a == una villa == a villa
    84. xhiro, -, - == un giro == a round, lap

    Loan words for Swedish speakers / Lån ord för svensktalande

    1. fabrikë == en fabrik == a factory
    2. konkurrencë == en konkurrens == competition (market)
    3. natë, -e, net == en natt == a night.
    4. provë, -a, -a == ett prov == a test, experiment, fitting
    5. provoj == prova == to try
    6. radhë -a, -ë == en rad == a row
    7. redaktor, -, -ë == en redaktör == an editor
    8. shkumë == en skum == a foam

    Loan words for Russian speakers

    1. banjë, -a, -a == ванная == bathroom
    2. bankomat, -i, -e == Банкомат == an ATM
    3. çaj, -i == чай == tea
    4. diabet, -i == диабет == diabetes
    5. gazetë, -a,- a == газета == a newspaper
    6. jug == юг == south
    7. kukull, -a, -a == кукла == a doll
    8. leksion, -i, -e == лекция == a lecture
    9. pallto, -ja, - == пальто == a coat
    10. reklamë, -a, -a == реклама == an ad
    11. shah, -u == шах == chess
    12. televizor, -i, -ë == телевизор == television set
    13. ti == ты == you (singular)

    Loan words for Turkish speakers

    1. bakllava, -ja, - == baklava == baklava
    2. byrek, -u, -ë == börek == a savory pie
    3. çorapë, -, -e == çorap == a sock
    4. hamam == hamam == Turkish bath
    5. kolltuk, -u, kolltuqe == koltuk == armchair, seat
    6. osman, -e == Osmanlı == ottoman
    7. para, -ja, - == para == a money
    8. sulltan, -i, -ë == sultan == a sultan
    9. sheqer, -i == şeker == sugar
    10. shishe, -ja, -e == şişe == a bottle
    11. shisqebap, -i, -e == şiş kebap == shish kebab
    12. zarf, -i, -e == zarf == an envelope

    Loan words for German speakers

    • mensë, -a, -a == die Mensa == a school cafeteria, a cantine
    • provim, -i, -e == eine Prüfung == a test, an exam

    Loan words for Latin speakers

    1. e mërkurë, -a, -a == Mercurii == Wednesday
    2. monedhë, -a, -a == monetæ == coin, coinage, small change

    Loan words for Spanish speakers

    1. telenovelë, -a, -a == una telenovela == a soap opera

    Loan words for Greek speakers

    • portokall, -lli, -j == πορτοκάλια == an orange

    False friends

    1. i,e habitur == surprised, astonished
    2. konvikt, -i, -e == a dormitory
    3. koran, -i, -ë == a trout
    4. verdhë == yellow

    Resources for learning Albanian

    Books for learning Albanian

    • Colloquial Albanian (2012) is an excellent book for anglophones by Linda Mëniku and Héctor Campos. It is concise and well organized. The learning curve gets steeper towards the end. Routledge, the publisher has kindly made audio for all text passages downloadable for free from the book's homepage. As of 2018 the vocabulary of this excellent book have not yet been made to a memrise. A previous edition in the same Colloquial series from the early 90's does have a memrise of the vocabulary.
    • Discovering Albanian 1 (2011) is also by Linda Mëniku and Héctor Campos and it consists of a textbook and workbook. As of 2018 there is no Discovering Albanian 2. The audio for the textbook can be accessed only via 2 CD's. Who has CD-players these days? Let's hope The University of Wisconsin Press wakes up and provides streaming and download at no extra charge.

    Albanian radio

    • There are various streaming apps available in the app stores.
    • Live Online Radio is a radio streaming service for the web. It has one of the largest selections of Albanian radios.
    • Radio.garden has a beautiful user interface where you tune into radios by spinning a globe to the desired location of transmission.

    Albanian TV

    • https://albanian.tv/ offers streaming of many of the popular Albanian TV channels. It often works, but occasionally the streams have trouble playing out without intermittent interruptions.
    • The RTSH Tani app is available for Android and iOS Apple phones. With the app you can access all the channels broadcast by RTSH including RTSH Film. The app does not have ads (excellent) whereas the RTSH channels do have ads. RTSH Tani app also features a VOD archive where you can watch recent programs up-to-2-days into the broadcasting history and a handy integrated EPG.

    Films with Albanian subtitles

    • These you can find on Youtube by searching for 'filma me titra shqip'. Watching movies spoken in a language you understand while reading the subtitles in the language you want to learn is an excellent way to learn and refresh in a low-effort manner.
    • There are also Albanian films. These are unfortunately not subtitled and the speech is often really rapid. French do subtitle some of their own films on TV5MONDE to aid the non-natives tackle the 5 words per second pace.

    Wiki literature

    • Wikibooks.org, Albanian version may be useful after you have gained the basics. Reading wikibooks of subjects and fields you already know may fast-forward your ability to read some text.
    • Albanian Wikipedia Same advice, select subjects this way you have a clear idea of what it is likely to say. Wikipedia writing is less predictable than a textbook.

    Online texts

    • Foreign Services Institute (FSI) (1965) .pdf book on Albanian. From this I can recommend the history introduction of this text aimed mostly for US armed forces personel though naturally the FSI's work helps also non-military government workers to gain knowledge too. Albanian language has changed so much since 1965 that this cannot really be used to learn contemporary albanian but the intro is good if you are a history and culture puff.

    Learning games

    • https://memrise.com is a spaced repetition flashcard and beyond language learning game and it has various memrises of varying quality. Memrise programs your brain slightly differently than traditional methods of vocabulary acquisition.
    • Basic Albanian 1 (~170 things to learn) and
    • Basic Albanian 2 (~210 things to learn) are of high quality, simple intros to the basic building blocks made by BaaS, an apparent memrise genius if you look at his productivity, scope and quality of his work.
    • (No typing) Albanian Menu (~110 things to learn). " For people intending to travel to Albania this memrise obviously highly recommendable as we all gotta eat. "No typing"-courses are fun because they are faster to play so you also get points faster.
    • Discovering Albanian 1 (~1800 things to learn) a professional quality memrise based on the vocabulary lists of the book of the same name. This memrise contains audio in high quality, consistency and precision for practically all words and phrases to be learned. This memrise has over 1800 things to learn so it is the biggest available. The makers of this memrise have used sensible notation: For nouns indefinite and definite singular and indefinite plural are given etc. etc.
    • Albanian Verbs (~480 things to learn). Teaches you the 1st person singular form of verbs (Albanian has no infinitives) with the exception of "to be" and "to have" where all present tense forms are taught in the last level.