Module:Unicode data

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    Documentation for this module may be created at Module:Unicode data/doc

    local p = {}
    
    local floor = math.floor
    
    local function errorf(level, ...)
    	if type(level) == "number" then
    		return error(string.format(...), level + 1)
    	else -- level is actually the format string.
    		return error(string.format(level, ...), 2)
    	end
    end
    
    local function binary_range_search(codepoint, ranges)
    	local low, mid, high
    	low, high = 1, ranges.length or require "Module:TableTools".length(ranges)
    	while low <= high do
    		mid = floor((low + high) / 2)
    		local range = ranges[mid]
    		if codepoint < range[1] then
    			high = mid - 1
    		elseif codepoint <= range[2] then
    			return range, mid
    		else
    			low = mid + 1
    		end
    	end
    	return nil, mid
    end
    p.binary_range_search = binary_range_search
    
    --[[
    local function linear_range_search(codepoint, ranges)
    	for i, range in ipairs(ranges) do
    		if range[1] <= codepoint and codepoint <= range[2] then
    			return range
    		end
    	end
    end
    --]]
    
    -- Load a module by indexing "loader" with the name of the module minus the
    -- "Module:Unicode data/" part. For instance, loader.blocks returns
    -- [[Module:Unicode data/blocks]]. If a module cannot be loaded, false will be
    -- returned.
    local loader = setmetatable({}, {
    	__index = function (self, key)
    		local success, data = pcall(mw.loadData, "Module:Unicode data/" .. key)
    		if not success then
    			data = false
    		end
    		self[key] = data
    		return data
    	end
    })
    
    -- For the algorithm used to generate Hangul Syllable names,
    -- see "Hangul Syllable Name Generation" in section 3.12 of the
    -- Unicode Specification:
    -- https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/ch03.pdf
    local name_hooks = {
    	{     0x00,     0x1F, "<control-%04X>" }, -- C0 control characters
    	{     0x7F,     0x9F, "<control-%04X>" }, -- DEL and C1 control characters
    	{   0x3400,   0x4DBF, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension A
    	{   0x4E00,   0x9FFC, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph
    	{   0xAC00,   0xD7A3, function (codepoint) -- Hangul Syllables
    		local Hangul_data = loader.Hangul
    		local syllable_index = codepoint - 0xAC00
    
    		return ("HANGUL SYLLABLE %s%s%s"):format(
    			Hangul_data.leads[floor(syllable_index / Hangul_data.final_count)],
    			Hangul_data.vowels[floor((syllable_index % Hangul_data.final_count)
    				/ Hangul_data.trail_count)],
    			Hangul_data.trails[syllable_index % Hangul_data.trail_count]
    		)
    	end },
    	-- High Surrogates, High Private Use Surrogates, Low Surrogates
    	{   0xD800,   0xDFFF, "<surrogate-%04X>" },
    	{   0xE000,   0xF8FF, "<private-use-%04X>" }, -- Private Use
    	-- CJK Compatibility Ideographs
    	{   0xF900,   0xFA6D, "CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-%04X" },
    	{   0xFA70,   0xFAD9, "CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-%04X" },
    	{  0x17000,  0x187F7, "TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- Tangut Ideograph
    	{  0x18800,  0x18AFF, function (codepoint)
    		return ("TANGUT COMPONENT-%03d"):format(codepoint - 0x187FF)
    	end },
    	{  0x18D00,  0x18D08, "TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- Tangut Ideograph Supplement
    	{  0x1B170,  0x1B2FB, "NUSHU CHARACTER-%04X" }, -- Nushu
    	{  0x20000,  0x2A6DD, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension B
    	{  0x2A700,  0x2B734, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension C
    	{  0x2B740,  0x2B81D, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension D
    	{  0x2B820,  0x2CEA1, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension E
    	{  0x2CEB0,  0x2EBE0, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension F
    	-- CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement (Supplementary Ideographic Plane)
    	{  0x2F800,  0x2FA1D, "CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-%04X" },
    	{  0xE0100,  0xE01EF, function (codepoint) -- Variation Selectors Supplement
    		return ("VARIATION SELECTOR-%d"):format(codepoint - 0xE0100 + 17)
    	end},
    	{  0x30000,  0x3134A, "CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-%04X" }, -- CJK Ideograph Extension G
    	{  0xF0000,  0xFFFFD, "<private-use-%04X>" }, -- Plane 15 Private Use
    	{ 0x100000, 0x10FFFD, "<private-use-%04X>" }  -- Plane 16 Private Use
    }
    name_hooks.length = #name_hooks
    
    local name_range_cache
    
    local function generate_name(data, codepoint)
    	if type(data) == "string" then
    		return data:format(codepoint)
    	else
    		return data(codepoint)
    	end
    end
    
    --[[
    -- Checks that the code point is a number and in range.
    -- Does not check whether code point is an integer.
    -- Not used
    local function check_codepoint(funcName, argIdx, val)
    	require 'libraryUtil'.checkType(funcName, argIdx, val, 'number')
    	if codepoint < 0 or 0x10FFFF < codepoint then
    		errorf("Codepoint %04X out of range", codepoint)
    	end
    end
    --]]
    
    -- https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/ch04.pdf, section 4.8
    function p.lookup_name(codepoint)
    	-- U+FDD0-U+FDEF and all code points ending in FFFE or FFFF are Unassigned
    	-- (Cn) and specifically noncharacters:
    	-- https://www.unicode.org/faq/private_use.html#nonchar4
    	if 0xFDD0 <= codepoint and (codepoint <= 0xFDEF
    			or floor(codepoint % 0x10000) >= 0xFFFE) then
    		return ("<noncharacter-%04X>"):format(codepoint)
    	end
    
    	if name_range_cache -- Check if previously used "name hook" applies to this code point.
    			and codepoint >= name_range_cache[1]
    			and codepoint <= name_range_cache[2] then
    		return generate_name(name_range_cache[3], codepoint)
    	end
    	
    	local range = binary_range_search(codepoint, name_hooks)
    	if range then
    		name_range_cache = range
    		return generate_name(range[3], codepoint)
    	end
    
    	local data = loader[('names/%03X'):format(codepoint / 0x1000)]
    	
    	if data and data[codepoint] then
    		return data[codepoint]
    	
    	-- Unassigned (Cn) consists of noncharacters and reserved characters.
    	-- The character has been established not to be a noncharacter,
    	-- and if it were assigned, its name would already been retrieved,
    	-- so it must be reserved.
    	else
    		return ("<reserved-%04X>"):format(codepoint)
    	end
    end
    
    --[[
    -- No image data modules on Wikipedia yet.
    function p.lookup_image(codepoint)
    	local data = loader[('images/%03X'):format(codepoint / 0x1000)]
    	
    	if data then
    		return data[codepoint]
    	end
    end
    --]]
    
    local planes = {
    	[ 0] = "Basic Multilingual Plane";
    	[ 1] = "Supplementary Multilingual Plane";
    	[ 2] = "Supplementary Ideographic Plane";
    	[ 3] = "Tertiary Ideographic Plane";
    	[14] = "Supplementary Special-purpose Plane";
    	[15] = "Supplementary Private Use Area-A";
    	[16] = "Supplementary Private Use Area-B";
    }
    
    -- Load [[Module:Unicode data/blocks]] if needed and assign it to this variable.
    local blocks
    
    local function block_iter(blocks, i)
    	i = i + 1
    	local data = blocks[i]
    	if data then
    		 -- Unpack doesn't work on tables loaded with mw.loadData.
    		return i, data[1], data[2], data[3]
    	end
    end
    
    -- An ipairs-type iterator generator for the list of blocks.
    function p.enum_blocks()
    	local blocks = loader.blocks
    	return block_iter, blocks, 0
    end
    
    function p.lookup_plane(codepoint)
    	local i = floor(codepoint / 0x10000)
    	return planes[i] or ("Plane %u"):format(i)
    end
    
    function p.lookup_block(codepoint)
    	local blocks = loader.blocks
    	local range = binary_range_search(codepoint, blocks)
    	if range then
    		return range[3]
    	else
    		return "No Block"
    	end
    end
    
    function p.get_block_info(name)
    	for i, block in ipairs(loader.blocks) do
    		if block[3] == name then
    			return block
    		end
    	end
    end
    
    function p.is_valid_pagename(pagename)
    	local has_nonws = false
    
    	for cp in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(pagename) do
    		if (cp == 0x0023) -- #
    		or (cp == 0x005B) -- [
    		or (cp == 0x005D) -- ]
    		or (cp == 0x007B) -- {
    		or (cp == 0x007C) -- |
    		or (cp == 0x007D) -- }
    		or (cp == 0x180E) -- MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR
    		or ((cp >= 0x2000) and (cp <= 0x200A)) -- spaces in General Punctuation block
    		or (cp == 0xFFFD) -- REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
    		then
    			return false
    		end
    
    		local printable, result = p.is_printable(cp)
    		if not printable then
    			return false
    		end
    
    		if result ~= "space-separator" then
    			has_nonws = true
    		end
    	end
    
    	return has_nonws
    end
    
    local function manual_unpack(what, from)
    	if what[from + 1] == nil then
    		return what[from]
    	end
    	
    	local result = {}
    	from = from or 1
    	for i, item in ipairs(what) do
    		if i >= from then
    			table.insert(result, item)
    		end
    	end
    	return unpack(result)
    end
    
    local function compare_ranges(range1, range2)
    	return range1[1] < range2[1]
    end
    
    -- Creates a function to look up data in a module that contains "singles" (a
    -- code point-to-data map) and "ranges" (an array containing arrays that contain
    -- the low and high code points of a range and the data associated with that
    -- range).
    -- "loader" loads and returns the "singles" and "ranges" tables.
    -- "match_func" is passed the code point and either the data or the "dots", and
    -- generates the final result of the function.
    -- The varargs ("dots") describes the default data to be returned if there wasn't
    -- a match.
    -- In case the function is used more than once, "cache" saves ranges that have
    -- already been found to match, or a range whose data is the default if there
    -- was no match.
    local function memo_lookup(data_module_subpage, match_func, ...)
    	local dots = { ... }
    	local cache = {}
    	local singles, ranges
    
    	return function (codepoint)
    		if not singles then
    			local data_module = loader[data_module_subpage]
    			singles, ranges = data_module.singles, data_module.ranges
    		end
    
    		if singles[codepoint] then
    			return match_func(codepoint, singles[codepoint])
    		end
    
    		local range = binary_range_search(codepoint, cache)
    		if range then
    			return match_func(codepoint, manual_unpack(range, 3))
    		end
    		
    		local range, index = binary_range_search(codepoint, ranges)
    		if range then
    			table.insert(cache, range)
    			table.sort(cache, compare_ranges)
    			return match_func(codepoint, manual_unpack(range, 3))
    		end
    		
    		if ranges[index] then
    			local dots_range
    			if codepoint > ranges[index][2] then
    				dots_range = {
    					ranges[index][2] + 1,
    					ranges[index + 1] and ranges[index + 1][1] - 1 or 0x10FFFF,
    					unpack(dots)
    				}
    			else -- codepoint < range[index][1]
    				dots_range = {
    					ranges[index - 1] and ranges[index - 1][2] + 1 or 0,
    					ranges[index][1] - 1,
    					unpack(dots)
    				}
    			end
    			table.sort(cache, compare_ranges)
    		end
    		
    		return match_func(codepoint)
    	end
    end
    
    -- Get a code point's combining class value in [[Module:Unicode data/combining]],
    -- and return whether this value is not zero. Zero is assigned as the default
    -- if the combining class value is not found in this data module.
    -- That is, return true if character is combining, or false if it is not.
    -- See https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/#Canonical_Combining_Class_Values for
    -- more information.
    p.is_combining = memo_lookup(
    	"combining",
    	function (codepoint, combining_class)
    		return combining_class and combining_class ~= 0 or false
    	end,
    	0)
    
    function p.add_dotted_circle(str)
    	return (mw.ustring.gsub(str, ".",
    		function(char)
    			if p.is_combining(mw.ustring.codepoint(char)) then
    				return '◌' .. char
    			end
    		end))
    end
    
    local lookup_control = memo_lookup(
    	"control",
    	function (codepoint, ccc)
    		return ccc or "assigned"
    	end,
    	"assigned")
    p.lookup_control = lookup_control
    
    function p.is_assigned(codepoint)
    	return lookup_control(codepoint) ~= "unassigned"
    end
    
    function p.is_printable(codepoint)
    	local result = lookup_control(codepoint)
    	return (result == "assigned") or (result == "space-separator"), result
    end
    
    function p.is_whitespace(codepoint)
    	local result = lookup_control(codepoint)
    	return (result == "space-separator"), result
    end
    
    p.lookup_category = memo_lookup(
    	"category",
    	function (codepoint, category)
    		return category
    	end,
    	"Cn")
    
    local lookup_script = memo_lookup(
    	"scripts",
    	function (codepoint, script_code)
    		return script_code or 'Zzzz'
    	end,
    	"Zzzz")
    p.lookup_script = lookup_script
    
    function p.get_best_script(str)
    	-- Check type of argument, because mw.text.decode coerces numbers to strings!
    	require "libraryUtil".checkType("get_best_script", 1, str, "string")
    	
    	-- Convert HTML character references (including named character references,
    	-- or character entities) to characters.
    	str = mw.text.decode(str, true)
    	
    	local scripts = {}
    	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
    		local script = lookup_script(codepoint)
    		
    		-- Ignore "Inherited", "Undetermined", or "Uncoded" scripts.
    		if not (script == "Zyyy" or script == "Zinh" or script == "Zzzz") then
    			scripts[script] = true
    		end
    	end
    	
    	-- If scripts does not contain two or more keys,
    	-- return first and only key (script code) in table.
    	if not next(scripts, next(scripts)) then
    		return next(scripts)
    	end -- else return majority script, or else "Zzzz"?
    end
    
    function p.is_Latin(str)
    	require "libraryUtil".checkType("get_best_script", 1, str, "string")
    	str = mw.text.decode(str, true)
    	
    	-- Search for the leading bytes that introduce the UTF-8 encoding of the
    	-- code points U+0340-U+10FFFF. If they are not found and there is at least
    	-- one Latin-script character, the string counts as Latin, because the rest
    	-- of the characters can only be Zyyy, Zinh, and Zzzz.
    	-- The only scripts found below U+0370 (the first code point of the Greek
    	-- and Coptic block) are Latn, Zyyy, Zinh, and Zzzz.
    	-- See the codepage in the [[UTF-8]] article.
    	if not str:find "[\205-\244]" then
    		for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
    			if lookup_script(codepoint) == "Latn" then
    				return true
    			end
    		end
    	end
    	
    	local Latn = false
    	
    	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
    		local script = lookup_script(codepoint)
    		
    		if script == "Latn" then
    			Latn = true
    		elseif not (script == "Zyyy" or script == "Zinh"
    				or script == "Zzzz") then
    			return false
    		end
    	end
    	
    	return Latn
    end
    
    -- Checks that a string contains only characters belonging to right-to-left
    -- scripts, or characters of ignorable scripts.
    function p.is_rtl(str)
    	require "libraryUtil".checkType("get_best_script", 1, str, "string")
    	str = mw.text.decode(str, true)
    	
    	-- Search for the leading bytes that introduce the UTF-8 encoding of the
    	-- code points U+0580-U+10FFFF. If they are not found, the string can only
    	-- have characters from a left-to-right script, because the first code point
    	-- in a right-to-left script is U+0591, in the Hebrew block.
    	if not str:find "[\214-\244]" then
    		return false
    	end
    	
    	local result = false
    	local rtl = loader.scripts.rtl
    	for codepoint in mw.ustring.gcodepoint(str) do
    		local script = lookup_script(codepoint)
    		
    		if rtl[script] then
    			result = true
    		elseif not (script == "Zyyy" or script == "Zinh"
    				or script == "Zzzz") then
    			return false
    		end
    	end
    	
    	return result
    end
    
    local function get_codepoint(args, arg)
    	local codepoint_string = args[arg]
    		or errorf(2, "Parameter %s is required", tostring(arg))
    	local codepoint = tonumber(codepoint_string, 16)
    		or errorf(2, "Parameter %s is not a code point in hexadecimal base",
    			tostring(arg))
    	if not (0 <= codepoint and codepoint <= 0x10FFFF) then
    		errorf(2, "code point in parameter %s out of range", tostring(arg))
    	end
    	return codepoint
    end
    
    local function get_func(args, arg, prefix)
    	local suffix = args[arg]
    		or errorf(2, "Parameter %s is required", tostring(arg))
    	suffix = mw.text.trim(suffix)
    	local func_name = prefix .. suffix
    	local func = p[func_name]
    		or errorf(2, "There is no function '%s'", func_name)
    	return func
    end
    
    -- This function allows any of the "lookup" functions to be invoked. The first
    -- parameter is the word after "lookup_"; the second parameter is the code point
    -- in hexadecimal base.
    function p.lookup(frame)
    	local func = get_func(frame.args, 1, "lookup_")
    	local codepoint = get_codepoint(frame.args, 2)
    	local result = func(codepoint)
    	if func == p.lookup_name then
    		-- Prevent code point labels such as <control-0000> from being
    		-- interpreted as HTML tags.
    		result = result:gsub("<", "&lt;")
    	end
    	return result
    end
    
    function p.is(frame)
    	local func = get_func(frame.args, 1, "is_")
    	
    	-- is_Latin and is_valid_pagename take strings.
    	if func == p.is_Latin or func == p.is_valid_pagename or func == p.is_rtl then
    		return (func(frame.args[2]))
    	else -- The rest take code points.
    		local codepoint = get_codepoint(frame.args, 2)
    		return (func(codepoint)) -- Adjust to one result.
    	end
    end
    
    return p