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= International Market Research = | = International Market Research = | ||
== Week 4 - Introduction == | == Week 4 - Introduction == | ||
'''[[w:Market research|Market research]]''' is any organized effort to gather information about [[w:target markets|target markets]] or customers. It is a very important component of [[w:business strategy|business strategy]]. The term is commonly interchanged with [[w:marketing research|marketing research]]; however, expert practitioners may wish to draw a distinction, in that ''marketing'' research is concerned specifically about marketing processes, while ''market'' research is concerned specifically with markets. ( Wikipedia ) | '''[[w:Market research|Market research]]''' is any organized effort to gather information about [[w:target markets|target markets]] or customers. It is a very important component of [[w:business strategy|business strategy]]. The term is commonly interchanged with [[w:marketing research|marketing research]]; however, expert practitioners may wish to draw a distinction, in that ''marketing'' research is concerned specifically about marketing processes, while ''market'' research is concerned specifically with markets. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
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== Week 9 == | == Week 9 == | ||
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== Week 12 == | |||
* In [[w:statistics|statistics]], [[w:quality assurance|quality assurance]], & [[w:Statistical survey|survey methodology]], '''[[w:Sampling (statistics)|sampling]]''' is concerned with the selection of a subset of individuals from within a [[w:population (statistics)|statistical population]] to estimate characteristics of the whole population. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* A '''[[w:Data sample|Data sample]]''' is a set of [[w:data|data]] collected and/or selected from a [[w:statistical population|statistical population]] by a defined procedure. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* A '''[[w:sampling frame|sampling frame]]''' is the source material or device from which a [[w:Sampling (statistics)|sample]] is drawn. It is a list of all those within a [[w:Statistical population|population]] who can be sampled, and may include individuals, households or institutions. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Sampling (statistics)|Sampling]]''' is the use of a subset of the [[w:population (statistics)|population]] to represent the whole population. ( Wikipedia on [[w:Nonprobability sampling]] ) | |||
:::'''Probability sampling''', or '''[[w:random sampling|random sampling]]''', is a sampling technique in which the [[w:probability|probability]] of getting any particular sample may be calculated. | |||
:::'''Nonprobability sampling''' does not meet this criterion and should be used with caution. Nonprobability sampling techniques ''cannot'' be used to infer from the sample to the general population. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Systematic sampling|Systematic sampling]]''' is a [[w:statistics|statistical method]] involving the selection of elements from an ordered [[w:sampling frame]]. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Stratified sampling|Stratified sampling]]''': In [[w:statistical survey|statistical survey]]s, when subpopulations within an overall population vary, it is advantageous to sample each subpopulation (stratum) independently. '''Stratification''' is the process of dividing members of the population into homogeneous subgroups before sampling. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* A '''[[w:simple random sample|simple random sample]]''' is a subset of [[w:individuals|individuals]] (a [[w:sample (statistics)|sample]]) chosen from a larger set (a [[w:statistical population|population]]). | |||
:::Each individual is chosen [[w:randomization|randomly]] and entirely by chance, such that each individual has the same [[w:probability|probability]] of being chosen at any stage during the sampling process, and each subset of ''k'' individuals has the same probability of being chosen for the sample as any other subset of ''k'' individuals. This process and technique is known as '''simple random sampling''', and should not be confused with [[w:Systematic sampling|systematic random sampling]]. A simple random sample is an unbiased surveying technique. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
== Week 16 == | |||
* '''[[w:Primary research|Primary research]]''' consists of a collection of original primary data collected by the researcher. It is often undertaken after the researcher has gained some insight into the issue by reviewing secondary research or by analyzing previously collected primary data. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Secondary research|Secondary research]]''' (also known as desk research) involves the summary, collation and/or synthesis of existing research rather than [[w:primary research|primary research]], where data is collected from, for example, research subjects or experiments. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* A '''[[w:Back-translation#Back-translation|Back-translation]]''' is a translation of a translated text back into the language of the original text, made without reference to the original text. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* The '''[[w:European Society for Opinion and Market Research|European Society for Opinion and Market Research]]''' ('''[[w:ESOMAR|ESOMAR]]''') is a world association for market, social and opinion researchers. | |||
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= Statistical Methods = | = Statistical Methods = | ||
'''[[w:Statistics|Statistics]]''' is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. It deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of [[w:statistical survey|survey]]s and [[w:experimental design|experiments]] ( Wikipedia ) | '''[[w:Statistics|Statistics]]''' is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. It deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of [[w:statistical survey|survey]]s and [[w:experimental design|experiments]] ( Wikipedia ) | ||
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A '''[[w:time series|time series]]''' is a sequence of [[w:data point|data point]]s, measured typically at successive points in time spaced at uniform time intervals. ( Wikipedia ) An example are the ''' closing values over [[w:time|time]] of [[w:stock market index|stock market index]] ( jubo-jubo ) | A '''[[w:time series|time series]]''' is a sequence of [[w:data point|data point]]s, measured typically at successive points in time spaced at uniform time intervals. ( Wikipedia ) An example are the ''' closing values over [[w:time|time]] of [[w:stock market index|stock market index]] ( jubo-jubo ) | ||
In [[w:data processing|data processing]], a '''[[w:pivot table|pivot table]]''' is a data summarization tool found in data visualization programs such as [[w:spreadsheet|spreadsheet]]s or [[w:business intelligence|business intelligence]] software. Among other functions, a pivot-table can automatically sort, count total or give the average of the data stored in one table or spreadsheet. It displays the results in a second table (called a "pivot table") showing the summarized data. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
== Week 4 - Introduction == | == Week 4 - Introduction == | ||
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* A '''[[w:histogram|histogram]]''' is a graphical representation of the distribution of data. It is an estimate of the [[w:probability distribution|probability distribution]] of a [[w:continuous variable|continuous variable]] and was first introduced by [[w:Karl Pearson|Karl Pearson]]. ( Wikipedia ) | * A '''[[w:histogram|histogram]]''' is a graphical representation of the distribution of data. It is an estimate of the [[w:probability distribution|probability distribution]] of a [[w:continuous variable|continuous variable]] and was first introduced by [[w:Karl Pearson|Karl Pearson]]. ( Wikipedia ) | ||
== Week 11 == | |||
* '''[[w:Correlation and dependence|Correlation and dependence]]''' - In [[w:statistics|statistics]], '''dependence''' is any statistical relationship between two [[w:random variable|random variable]]s or two sets of [[w:data|data]]. '''Correlation''' refers to any of a broad class of statistical relationships involving dependence. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:bivariate data|Bivariate data]]''' is data that has two [[w:Variable (mathematics)|variables]]. The quantities from these two variables are often represented using a [[w:scatter plot|scatter plot]]. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* A '''[[w:scatter plot|Scatter plot]]''', '''scatterplot''', '''scatter diagram''' or '''scattergraph''' is a type of [[w:mathematical diagram|mathematical diagram]] using [[w:Cartesian coordinate system|Cartesian coordinates]] to display values for two [[w:Variable (mathematics)|variable]]s for a set of data. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:statistical inference|Statistical inference]]''' is the process of drawing conclusions from data that are subject to random variation, for example, observational errors or sampling variation. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Independent_variable#Independent_variable|Independent variables]]''' vs. '''[[w:Dependent_variable#Dependent_variable|Dependent variables]]''' | |||
::* Independent variable on [[w:column|column]]s | |||
::* Dependant variable on [[w:row|row]]s ( Teacher ) | |||
* '''[[w:Cross tabulation|Cross tabulation]]''' (or '''crosstabs''' for short) is a [[w:statistics|statistical]] process that summarizes [[w:categorical data|categorical data]] to create a [[w:contingency table|contingency table]]. They are heavily used in survey research, business intelligence, engineering and scientific research. They provide a basic picture of the interrelation between two variables and can help find interactions between them. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* A '''[[w:contingency table|contingency table]]''' (also referred to as '''[[w:cross tabulation|cross tabulation]]''' or '''cross tab''') is a type of [[w:table|table]] in a [[w:matrix (mathematics)|matrix]] format that displays the (multivariate) [[w:frequency distribution|frequency distribution]] of the variables. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
:::'''[[w:Contingency coefficient|Contingency coefficient]]''': | |||
:::::if 0 < C < 0,3 => no correlation | |||
:::::if 0,3 > C => is correlation | |||
* '''[[w:Spearman's rank correlation coefficient|Spearman's rank correlation coefficient]]''' is a [[w:non-parametric statistics|nonparametric]] measure of [[w:correlation and dependence|statistical dependence]] between two [[w:Variable (mathematics)#Applied statistics|variables]]. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient|Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient]]''' (sometimes referred to as the '''PPMCC''' or '''PCC''' or '''Pearson's ''r''''') is a measure of the linear [[w:correlation|correlation]] (dependence) between two variables ''X'' and ''Y'', giving a value between +1 and −1 inclusive, where 1 is total positive correlation, 0 is no correlation, and −1 is total negative correlation. It is widely used in the sciences as a measure of the degree of linear dependence between two variables. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
::: =correl(array 1;array 2) in Excel ( Teacher ) | |||
* '''[[w:Regression analysis|Regression analysis]]''' is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It includes many techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a [[w:dependent variable|dependent variable]] and one or more [[w:independent variable|independent variable]]s. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
* '''[[w:Coefficient of determination|Coefficient of determination]]''', denoted '''''R''<sup>2</sup>''' and pronounced '''R squared''', indicates how well data points fit a statistical model – sometimes simply a line or curve. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
:::It is a [[w:statistic|statistic]] used in the context of [[w:statistical model|statistical model]]s whose main purpose is either the [[w:Prediction#Statistics|prediction]] of future outcomes or the testing of [[w:hypotheses|hypotheses]], on the basis of other related information. It provides a measure of how well observed outcomes are replicated by the model, as the proportion of total variation of outcomes explained by the model. ( Wikipedia ) | |||
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Further studies in statistics - [[User:Jukeboksi/BBA_studies/Toolkit for Quantitative Surveys]] (MET8LF001-11) Mon-Fri - The concept of [[w:statistical inference]] is covered. Download SPSS from MyNet. | |||
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<center>This article '''used to be''' at the address '''<nowiki>https://GloBBA12.si/wiki/Researching_Target_Markets</nowiki>''' from 2012 to 2016 and '''<nowiki>https://wiki.study/regarding/Researching_Target_Markets</nowiki>''' from 2016 to 2020</center> | |||
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