User:Jukeboksi/BBA studies/Target Economic Regions

Week 1 - Introduction

• A developed country, industrialized country, or "more economically developed country" (MEDC), is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are gross domestic product (GDP), the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living. ( Wikipedia )

• An emerging market is a country that has some characteristics of a developed market but is not yet a developed market. This includes countries that may be developed markets in the future or were in the past. ( Wikipedia )

• The category of newly industrialized country (NIC) is a socioeconomic classification applied to several countries around the world by political scientists and economists. ( Wikipedia )

• A developing country, also called a less-developed country, is a nation with a lower living standard, underdeveloped industrial base, and low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries. ( Wikipedia )

Groupings:

• • BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The grouping was originally known as "BRIC" before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010. ( Wikipedia )
  • G8+5
  • G-20 major economies
  • G20 developing nations
  • BRIC / MINT / Next Eleven
  • Emerging and growth-leading economies
  • CIVETS
  • VISTA

Further reading on newly industrialized countries

• • Science in newly industrialized countries
  • North–South divide

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Week 2 - Reputation, image and brand

• Reputation of a social entity (a person, a social group, an organization) is an opinion about that entity, typically a result of social evaluation on a set of criteria. It is important in business, education, online communities, and many other fields.

Reputation may be considered as a component of identity as defined by others.

Reputation is known to be a ubiquitous, spontaneous, and highly efficient mechanism of social control in natural societies. ( Wikipedia )

• • Reputation management is the understanding or influencing of an individual's or business's reputation. It was originally coined as a public relations term, but advancement in computing, the internet and social media made it primarily an issue of search results. Some parts of reputation management are often associated with ethical grey areas, such as w:astroturfing review sites, censoring negative complaints or using SEO tactics to game the system and influence results. ( Wikipedia )

• Identity (social science) is a person's conception and expression of their own (self-identity) and others' individuality or group affiliations (such as corporate identity, national identity and cultural identity). ( Wikipedia )

• A corporate identity is the overall image of a corporation or firm or business in the minds of diverse publics, such as customers and investors and employees. It is a primary task of the corporate communications department to maintain and build this identity to accord with and facilitate the attainment of business objectives. It is usually visibly manifested by way of branding and the use of trademarks. ( Wikipedia )
• Brand identity is the outward expression of a brand – including its name, trademark, communications, and visual appearance ( Wikipedia )

• Brand is the "name, term, design, symbol, or any other feature that identifies one seller's product distinct from those of other sellers." ( Wikipedia )

• Brand management is a communication function in marketing that includes analysis and planning on how that brand is positioned in the market, which target public the brand is targeted at, and maintaining a desired reputation of the brand. ( Wikipedia )

• Brand implementation refers to the physical representation and consistent application of brand identity across visual and verbal media. In visual terms, this can include signage, uniforms, liveries, interior design and branded merchandise. ( Wikipedia )

• Sustainability brands are products and services that are branded to signify a special added value in terms of environmental and social benefits to the customer and thus enable the differentiation from competitors. ( Wikipedia )

• Nation branding aims to measure, build and manage the reputation of countries (closely related to place branding). ( Wikipedia )

• • Poland - Polska promotion shown by teacher
  • What the Finns need to know about Portugal shown by teacher

• Positioning (marketing) is the marketing activity and process of identifying a market problem or opportunity, and developing a solution based on market research, segmentation and supporting data. ( Wikipedia )

• Cornelis Bernardus Maria (Cees) van Riel (born June 15, 1951) is a Dutch organizational theorist, consultant, and Professor of Corporate Communication at Rotterdam School of Management and Director of the Corporate Communication Centre at the Erasmus University, known for his work in the area of corporate communication and reputation management. ( Wikipedia )

He is most known for his work on the RepTrak Model and RepTrak Alignment Monitor.

Van Riel co-founded The Reputation Institute in 1997.

• The country-of-origin effect (COE), also known as the made-in image and the nationality bias, is a psychological effect describing how consumers' attitudes, perceptions and purchasing decisions are influenced by products' country of origin labeling. ( Wikipedia )

• Country of origin (COO), is the country of manufacture, production, or growth where an article or product comes from. There are differing rules of origin under various national laws and international treaties. ( Wikipedia )

• Rules of origin are used to determine the country of origin of a product for purposes of international trade. ( Wikipedia )

• The 3 Ts for urban development: tolerance, technology and talent ( Teacher )

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Week 3

• The Gini coefficient (also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio) is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income distribution of a nation's residents. This is the most commonly used measure of inequality. The coefficient varies between 0, which reflects complete equality and 100 (or 1), which indicates complete inequality (one person has all the income or consumption, all others have none). ( Wikipedia )