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User:Jukeboksi/BBA studies/Researching Target Markets
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== Week 12 == * In [[w:statistics|statistics]], [[w:quality assurance|quality assurance]], & [[w:Statistical survey|survey methodology]], '''[[w:Sampling (statistics)|sampling]]''' is concerned with the selection of a subset of individuals from within a [[w:population (statistics)|statistical population]] to estimate characteristics of the whole population. ( Wikipedia ) * A '''[[w:Data sample|Data sample]]''' is a set of [[w:data|data]] collected and/or selected from a [[w:statistical population|statistical population]] by a defined procedure. ( Wikipedia ) * A '''[[w:sampling frame|sampling frame]]''' is the source material or device from which a [[w:Sampling (statistics)|sample]] is drawn. It is a list of all those within a [[w:Statistical population|population]] who can be sampled, and may include individuals, households or institutions. ( Wikipedia ) * '''[[w:Sampling (statistics)|Sampling]]''' is the use of a subset of the [[w:population (statistics)|population]] to represent the whole population. ( Wikipedia on [[w:Nonprobability sampling]] ) :::'''Probability sampling''', or '''[[w:random sampling|random sampling]]''', is a sampling technique in which the [[w:probability|probability]] of getting any particular sample may be calculated. :::'''Nonprobability sampling''' does not meet this criterion and should be used with caution. Nonprobability sampling techniques ''cannot'' be used to infer from the sample to the general population. ( Wikipedia ) * '''[[w:Systematic sampling|Systematic sampling]]''' is a [[w:statistics|statistical method]] involving the selection of elements from an ordered [[w:sampling frame]]. ( Wikipedia ) * '''[[w:Stratified sampling|Stratified sampling]]''': In [[w:statistical survey|statistical survey]]s, when subpopulations within an overall population vary, it is advantageous to sample each subpopulation (stratum) independently. '''Stratification''' is the process of dividing members of the population into homogeneous subgroups before sampling. ( Wikipedia ) * A '''[[w:simple random sample|simple random sample]]''' is a subset of [[w:individuals|individuals]] (a [[w:sample (statistics)|sample]]) chosen from a larger set (a [[w:statistical population|population]]). :::Each individual is chosen [[w:randomization|randomly]] and entirely by chance, such that each individual has the same [[w:probability|probability]] of being chosen at any stage during the sampling process, and each subset of ''k'' individuals has the same probability of being chosen for the sample as any other subset of ''k'' individuals. This process and technique is known as '''simple random sampling''', and should not be confused with [[w:Systematic sampling|systematic random sampling]]. A simple random sample is an unbiased surveying technique. ( Wikipedia )
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