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| To '''defer''' is to [[trust]] someone else (an '''authority''') more than yourself on an issue. It is a sign of [[integrity]] to sometimes trust someone else more than you in this way and to [[bet]] on their judgement over yours. A [[TIPAESA]] structure explicitly defers to some authority in its last resort, e.g. by [[attribution]]. Knowing where we [[defer]] to others is the basis of [[command hierarchy]]. | | To '''defer''' is to [[trust]] someone else more than yourself on an issue. It is a sign of [[integrity]] to sometimes trust someone else more than you in this way and to [[bet]] on their judgement over yours. |
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| To [[refer]], by contrast, is to invoke [[knowledge]] (which might come with its own source and thus authority structure). To [[infer]] is to invoke abstract [[reasoning]] methods. Neither of these involve deferring to [[some body]].
| | Contrast: [[refer]], [[infer]]. |
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| Typically [[repute]] must be assigned by, or [[audit]]ed by, some authority. A [[credit rating]] is the most obvious example. Other examples such as the approval of candidates for a [[political party]] by its leader, or [[priestly hierarchy]], e.g. [[w:Vatican|Vatican]].
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